大学化学 >> 2025, Vol. 40 >> Issue (7): 359-366.doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202409120

所属专题： 物理化学课程和实验教学

师生笔谈 上一篇    下一篇

物理化学实验“三组分液-液相图的测绘”内容编写及讲授建议

陈玉静, 欧阳红群, 赵丹, 褚燕燕, 乔正平   

  1. 中山大学材料科学与工程学院, 广州 510006
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-27 录用日期:2024-11-11 发布日期:2025-07-01
  • 通讯作者: 乔正平 E-mail:cesqzp@mail.sysu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    广东省质量工程项目(粤教高函[2021] 29 号)

Recommendations for the Content and Instruction of the Physical Chemistry Experiment “Construction of Ternary Liquid-Liquid Phase Diagrams”

Yujing Chen, Hongqun Ouyang, Dan Zhao, Yanyan Chu, Zhengping Qiao   

  1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun-Yat Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
  • Received:2024-09-27 Accepted:2024-11-11 Published:2025-07-01
  • Contact: Zhengping Qiao E-mail:cesqzp@mail.sysu.edu.cn

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摘要： “三组分液-液相图的测绘”是经典的物理化学实验项目，掌握这一实验内容对于学生理解工业领域广泛应用的三角形坐标系以及萃取原理至关重要。本论文针对学生理论知识储备不足及其对实验的理解停留在表面的现象，深入探讨实验教学内容的编排与建议。通过在实验教学内容中增加对三角形坐标系下相图读图方法的详细介绍，阐述组分含量与物系点在坐标轴上的平行线段长度之间的关系，帮助学生更直观地理解混合过程中物系点的移动规律和杠杆规则。通过阐明教学内容中三角坐标系、溶液混合时物系点移动规律和联结线各物系点相互关系三者之间的讲授逻辑与细节，助力教师提升教学效率，使学生获得对三组分液-液相图清晰而深刻的认识。

关键词: 物理化学实验, 相图, 三组分液-液体系, 杠杆规则

Abstract: The “Ternary Liquid-Liquid Phase Diagram” is a fundamental experiment in physical chemistry. Mastery of this experiment is essential for students to comprehend the triangular coordinate system and the extraction principle, both of which are widely applied in industrial practices. This paper presents recommendations for improving the content and teaching approach of this experiment, addressing students’ lack of theoretical knowledge and superficial understanding of the experimental process. It proposes integrating a detailed explanation of phase diagram interpretation into the curriculum, emphasizing the relationship between component concentrations and the lengths of parallel line segments on the coordinate axes. This helps students better grasp the movement patterns of system points and the lever rule during the mixing process. Furthermore, the paper clarifies the teaching logic and connections between the ternary phase diagram, the movement of system points on the coordinate axes, and the relationships between component points on tie lines. These suggestions aim to enhance teaching efficiency and facilitate students’ deep understanding of the ternary liquid-liquid phase diagram.

Key words: Physical chemistry experiment, Phase diagram, Ternary liquid-liquid system, Lever rule