大学化学 >> 2026, Vol. 41 >> Issue (1): 179-187.doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202505101

所属专题： 化学实验数字化设计竞赛获奖作品

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基于非接触式位移检测器的高分子材料应力-应变曲线的测定

李晨菲1, 韩绪2, 张起梦1, 张奔2, 黄馨瑶1, 邓明虓1, 郑彩侠2, 孙海珠1   

  1. 1 东北师范大学化学学院, 长春 130024;
    2 东北师范大学信息科学与技术学院, 长春 130024
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-30 录用日期:2025-09-16 发布日期:2025-12-30
  • 通讯作者: 邓明虓 E-mail:dengmx330@nenu.edu.cn Mingxiao Deng
  • 基金资助:
    吉林省高等教育教学改革研究课题(20224BRBE9X00CK)

Measurement of Stress-Strain Curves of Polymeric Materials Using a Non-Contact Displacement Detector

Chenfei Li1, Xu Han2, Qimeng Zhang1, Ben Zhang2, Xinyao Huang1, Mingxiao Deng1, Caixia Zheng2, Haizhu Sun1   

  1. 1 School of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China;
    2 School of Information Science and Technology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
  • Received:2025-05-30 Accepted:2025-09-16 Published:2025-12-30
  • Contact: Mingxiao Deng E-mail:dengmx330@nenu.edu.cn

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摘要： 本实验旨在开发一种基于非接触式位移检测器，并应用于高分子材料应力-应变曲线的测定，以克服传统机械引伸计的不足，保证测量准确性。通过利用摄像头结合YOLOv8深度学习算法，实时捕捉拉伸过程中试样红色标记线的位置变化，实现了对应变的准确测定。该方法无需与试样进行物理接触，避免了机械引伸计对试样的潜在影响。实验还对机械引伸计的夹头进行识别，进行对照实验，验证两种方法在应力-应变曲线测定上的一致性。实验结果表明，非接触式检测器与传统机械引伸计获得的应力-应变曲线高度相似，证明了该方法在高分子材料力学性能测定中的可靠性和应用前景。这一数字化设计提升了实验灵活性，为高分子材料的力学测试提供了新的解决方案。

关键词: 高分子学科实验, 应力-应变曲线, 非接触式位移检测器, 变形引伸计

Abstract: This study presents the development of a non-contact displacement detection system for determining stress-strain curves in polymeric materials, overcoming the limitations of conventional mechanical extensometers while maintaining measurement accuracy. The proposed method employs a camera integrated with the YOLOv8 deep learning algorithm to track real-time positional changes of red marker lines on specimens during tensile testing, enabling accurate strain measurement. This contact-free approach eliminates potential specimen interference caused by mechanical extensometers. Comparative experiments were conducted by identifying the grips of mechanical extensometers, confirming the consistency between both methods in stress-strain curve determination. The results demonstrate remarkable similarity between stress-strain curves obtained from the non-contact system and traditional mechanical extensometers, validating the reliability and potential applications of this method for evaluating mechanical properties of polymeric materials. This digital innovation enhances experimental flexibility and offers an alternative solution for mechanical characterization of polymer materials.

Key words: Polymer science experiment, Stress-strain curve, Non-contact displacement detector, Extensometer