大学化学 >> 2026, Vol. 41 >> Issue (1): 310-320.doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202506016

所属专题： 化学实验数字化设计竞赛获奖作品

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可编程加热控制系统在有机化学实验中的应用

陈淇1, 李瀚屹1, 高誉1, 杨亦楠2, 周建豪1, 李苏宁1   

  1. 1 南京理工大学化学与化工学院, 南京 210094;
    2 南京理工大学钱学森学院, 南京 210094
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-03 录用日期:2025-09-16 发布日期:2025-12-30
  • 通讯作者: 李苏宁 E-mail:suning7758@sina.com Suning Li
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省高等教育教改研究课题(2025JGYB393)

Application of a Programmable Heating Control System in Organic Chemistry Experiment

Qi Chen1, Hanyi Li1, Yu Gao1, Yinan Yang2, Jianhao Zhou1, Suning Li1   

  1. 1 School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China;
    2 Qian Xuesen College, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
  • Received:2025-06-03 Accepted:2025-09-16 Published:2025-12-30
  • Contact: Suning Li E-mail:suning7758@sina.com

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摘要： 本项目设计并应用了可编程加热控制系统和无线测温搅拌磁子，用于优化Hofmann降解反应的实验操作。该系统融合了物联网无线测温技术、加热与制冷一体化装置、基于比例-积分-微分(PID)算法的精确温控等技术，旨在提高需要精准控温的有机化学实验的成功率与产品的纯度。其中，无线测温技术解决了传统温度计和热电偶在有机溶剂反应中的局限性，确保了反应体系内部的温度实时精确测量。加热与制冷装置可替代传统冰浴，实现全过程的自动温控，简化了实验操作，提升了实验的效率与精确度。PID算法根据设定的目标温度和实际温度之间的偏差，动态调节加热功率，确保加热过程的稳定性，有效避免温度剧烈变化的现象，提高了反应的成功率与产品的纯度。该设计具有显著的自动化优势，不仅降低了人为操作误差，还提高了实验的可重复性和安全性，为未来有机化学实验中的数字化教学提供了新的思路与技术支持。

关键词: 自动化温控, Hofmann降解, 无线测温, PID算法, 实验优化

Abstract: This study designed and implemented a programmable heating control system coupled with a wireless temperature-sensing stir bar to optimize experimental procedures for Hofmann degradation reactions. The integrated system incorporates Internet of Things (IoT)-based wireless temperature monitoring, a combined heating/cooling device, and Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) algorithm-based precision temperature control to improve the success rate and product purity in temperature-sensitive organic chemistry experiments. The wireless temperature sensing technology overcomes the limitations of conventional thermometers and thermocouples in organic solvent environments, enabling real-time, accurate internal temperature monitoring. The dual-function heating/cooling unit eliminates the need for traditional ice baths, facilitating fully automated temperature regulation throughout the experimental process while enhancing operational efficiency and measurement accuracy. Utilizing PID control algorithms, the system dynamically adjusts heating power according to the difference between target and actual temperatures, maintaining thermal stability and preventing temperature fluctuations, thereby improving reaction success rates and product purity. This automated design significantly reduces manual operation errors while improving experimental reproducibility and safety, offering novel approaches and technical support for digital education in organic chemistry experiments.

Key words: Automated temperature control, Hofmann degradation, Wireless temperature sensing, PID algorithm, Experimental optimization