大学化学

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分子的调色盘：铱配合物如何“画” 出五彩斑斓的光?

周嘉悦1, 云一倬1, 张小武2, 李俊希1, 李润哲1, 吕兴强2, 王会1   

  1. 1 西北大学化学与材料科学学院, 教育部合成与天然功能分子重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710127;
    2 西北大学化工学院, 陕西 西安 710127
  • 收稿日期:2026-06-02 录用日期:2026-08-20
  • 通讯作者: 王会, 吕兴强 E-mail:whui210@nwu.edu.cn;lvxq@nwu.edu.cn Hui Wang, Xingqiang Lv
  • 基金资助:
    陕西基础科学研究院青年项目(23JHQ015)；西北大学2025年本科人才培养建设项目(KS2025016)

Molecular palette: how iridium complexes paint colorful luminescence

Jiayue Zhou1, Yizhuo Yun1, Xiaowu Zhang2, Junxi Li1, Runzhe Li1, Xingqiang Lv2, Hui Wang1   

  1. 1 Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China;
    2 School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
  • Received:2026-06-02 Accepted:2026-08-20
  • Contact: Hui Wang, Xingqiang Lv E-mail:whui210@nwu.edu.cn;lvxq@nwu.edu.cn

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摘要： 铱(III)配合物是磷光材料领域最成功的体系之一，其“金属-配体”分子设计策略实现了对发光颜色、效率和寿命的调控。本文从有机发光二极管(OLED)激子利用率低的困境出发，阐释了磷光发光机制，介绍了铱(III)配合物的结构、合成及配体对其发光颜色的调控，并简述其在不同领域的研究进展，以此展示配体分子设计如何赋予金属配合物多样化的功能。

关键词: 铱(III)配合物, 磷光, 配体, 结构设计, 发光颜色调控, 应用

Abstract: Iridium(III) complexes are among the most successful systems in the field of phosphorescent materials. Their metal–ligand molecular design strategy enables precise control over emission color, luminescence efficiency, and excited-state lifetime. This article begins with the challenge of low exciton utilization efficiency in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), elucidates the underlying phosphorescence mechanism, and introduces the structures and synthetic routes of iridium(III) complexes, along with the ligand-mediated tuning of their emission colors. It further highlights recent research progress across various application domains, illustrating how rational ligand design imparts metal complexes with diverse functionalities and broad application potential.

Key words: Iridium (III) complexes, Phosphorescence, Ligand, Structural design, Emission color tuning, Applications