大学化学 >> 2016, Vol. 31 >> Issue (5): 73-77.doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201601001

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多组分体系相图中的杠杆原理形式

韦美菊,陈飞武*(),李旭琴,叶亚平,袁文霞   

  • 发布日期:2016-05-23
  • 通讯作者: 陈飞武 E-mail:chenfeiwu@ustb.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    北京科技大学研究型示范教学项目;MOOC课程示范项目

The Forms of Lever Rule in the Phase Diagram of Multi-component Systems

Mei-Ju WEI,Fei-Wu CHEN*(),Xu-Qin LI,Ya-Ping YE,Wen-Xia YUAN   

  • Published:2016-05-23
  • Contact: Fei-Wu CHEN E-mail:chenfeiwu@ustb.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    北京科技大学研究型示范教学项目;MOOC课程示范项目

摘要:

讨论了两相和三相多组分体系中杠杆原理的两种形式。对两组分体系,利用三相线上的杠杆原理关系式和凝固点降低公式,解释了熔化物体系冷却过程中的步冷曲线。另外,还讨论了三组分体系相图中,同一直线段上三个物系点之间的类杠杆原理关系式。该关系式可以用于不同浓度溶液的配制和三相体系相图的绘制。

关键词: 多组分体系, 杠杆原理, 相图, 相平衡

Abstract:

Two forms of the lever rule in the two-phase and three-phase regions of a multi-component system are discussed in this article. As for the two-component system, the cooling curves of solutions are explained with the lever rule in a three-phase line and the freezing point depression equation. A similar form of the lever rule is presented for three points on a line segment in a three-phase diagram region. This equation can be exploited to prepare the solution with desired concentrations of a multi-component system and to draw three-phase diagrams.

Key words: Multi-component system, Lever rule, Phase diagram, Phase equilibrium