大学化学 >> 2023, Vol. 38 >> Issue (4): 192-198.doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202210076

所属专题： 第3届全国大学生化学实验创新设计竞赛

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舞蹈“镓”——镓心跳及相关性质科普实验

王珠宁, 舒姗, 陈丽, 丁琼(), 张海波   

  • 收稿日期:2022-10-26 录用日期:2022-12-23 发布日期:2023-04-27
  • 通讯作者: 丁琼 E-mail:dingq@whu.edu.cn

Dancing Gallium: Popular Science Experiment on Gallium Heartbeat and Related Properties

Zhuning Wang, Shan Shu, Li Chen, Qiong Ding(), Haibo Zhang   

  • Received:2022-10-26 Accepted:2022-12-23 Published:2023-04-27
  • Contact: Qiong Ding E-mail:dingq@whu.edu.cn

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摘要：

镓，是“合金奇才”，是“半导体大师”，亦是大众的知识盲区。因此，我们引入了一系列实验，旨在为大众揭开“镓”的神秘面纱。本实验内容丰富，主要包含硫酸体系、碱性体系和过氧化氢体系中不同形式的“镓心跳”实验。同时本科普实验兼具试剂安全、操作简单、现象有趣的特点，充分地展现了化学魅力与化学奥妙，契合科普实验的需要，通过合理设计编排，以结合镓的物理性质小实验的方式可实现对不同年龄阶段具有不同知识背景的受众的科普。

关键词: 镓心跳, 低熔点, 阶段性科普

Abstract:

Gallium is well-known for its ability to form alloys and its wide applications in semiconductors; however, it has not been investigated in detail. Therefore, we introduced a series of experiments aiming to unveil the mystery of the gallium. The experiment mainly consists of different gallium beating experiments in sulfuric acid system, alkaline system, and hydrogen peroxide system. Additionally, this experiment is safe in terms of the reagent, easy in terms of operation, and interesting in terms of phenomena, fully demonstrating the charm and profoundness of chemistry, which meets the requirements of popular science experiments. By combining small experiments on the physical properties of gallium and through reasonable designing and arranging, it is suitable for audiences of different age groups with dissimilar educational background.

Key words: Gallium beating, Low melting point, Phased popularization of science