大学化学 >> 2025, Vol. 40 >> Issue (4): 282-290.doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202407058

所属专题: 有机化学课程与实验教学(2024)

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大学有机化学教学中羰基氧鎓的五类反应

邢国文, 刘广建, 常乐   

  1. 北京师范大学化学学院, 北京 100875
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-11 录用日期:2024-09-20 发布日期:2025-04-25
  • 通讯作者: 邢国文 E-mail:gwxing@bnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    《有机化学》国家级本科一流课程建设项目

Five Types of Reactions of Carbonyl Oxonium Intermediates in University Organic Chemistry Teaching

Guowen Xing, Guangjian Liu, Le Chang   

  1. College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
  • Received:2024-07-11 Accepted:2024-09-20 Published:2025-04-25
  • Contact: Guowen Xing E-mail:gwxing@bnu.edu.cn

摘要: 羰基氧鎓作为活泼中间体,很容易发生多种反应。本文介绍了大学有机化学教学中涉及到的羰基氧鎓的五类反应,即加成、取代、分解、异构和周环,讨论了羰基氧鎓作为关键中间体在各种复杂有机反应机理中扮演着重要角色。需要注意的是,羰基氧鎓的反应复杂多变,多类反应存在竞争与共存。深入学习羰基氧鎓的五类反应,有助于有机化学科学思维和科学素养的养成,践行“有机化学是科学也是艺术”的教学理念。

关键词: 有机化学, 羰基, 氧鎓, 反应机理

Abstract: Carbonyl oxonium intermediates are highly reactive and prone to a variety of reactions. This paper outlines five key types of reactions involving carbonyl oxonium intermediates in university-level organic chemistry education: addition, substitution, decomposition, isomerization, and pericyclic reactions. The role of carbonyl oxonium as a crucial intermediate in the mechanisms of complex organic reactions is discussed. It is important to note that the reactivity of carbonyl oxonium is multifaceted and subject to competition and coexistence among these different reaction types. A thorough understanding of these five reactions enhances scientific reasoning and literacy in organic chemistry, aligning with the educational philosophy that “organic chemistry is both a science and an art”.

Key words: Organic chemistry, Carbonyl group, Oxonium, Reaction mechanism