大学化学 >> 2026, Vol. 41 >> Issue (4): 417-423.doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202504026

化学实验 上一篇    下一篇

色彩的秘密舞蹈：探索胶体晶体如何折射出美丽的光影

王亚斐1, 张岩2, 李薇1, 王婷婷1, 杨姐璇1, 何慧1, 关英3, 张拥军2   

  1. 1 天津工业大学药学院, 天津 300387;
    2 天津工业大学化学学院, 天津 300387;
    3 南开大学化学学院, 天津 300100
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-08 录用日期:2025-06-30 发布日期:2026-04-24
  • 通讯作者: 王亚斐, 张拥军 E-mail:wangyafei@tiangong.edu.cn;zhangyj@tiangong.edu.cn Yafei Wang, Yongjun Zhang
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(52033004)；国家自然科学基金(52303013)。

The Secret Dance of Colors: Exploring How Colloidal Crystals Refract Beautiful Light and Shadows

Yafei Wang1, Yan Zhang2, Wei Li1, Tingting Wang1, Jiexuan Yang1, Hui He1, Ying Guan3, Yongjun Zhang2   

  1. 1 College of Pharmacy, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China;
    2 College of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China;
    3 College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300100, China
  • Received:2025-04-08 Accepted:2025-06-30 Published:2026-04-24
  • Contact: Yafei Wang, Yongjun Zhang E-mail:wangyafei@tiangong.edu.cn;zhangyj@tiangong.edu.cn

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摘要： 结构色是一种由微纳结构对光调控光反射和干涉形成的色彩，广泛存在于自然界中，如蝴蝶翅膀、鸟类羽毛等。相比传统色素，结构色具有更高的稳定性和环保性，因此在防伪、光学传感和仿生材料等领域具有广泛应用。本研究以温度响应性的微凝胶为研究对象，通过其可控合成及胶体晶体的自组装过程，系统性地引导学生探究结构色的形成机理与调控规律。实验采用乳液自由基聚合法制备单分散性良好的交联微凝胶，该微凝胶具有显著的温敏特性，可通过调节温度等参数实现溶液中微凝胶的可控自组装。教学实践将材料合成、结构表征与光学性能测试有机结合，并融入生动的科普展示，可有效激发学生的研究兴趣，培养学生的科学思维和创新能力。

关键词: 结构色, 胶体晶体, 微凝胶, 自组装

Abstract: Structural color arises from light reflection and interference phenomena in micro-nano architectures, a phenomenon ubiquitously observed in nature, exemplified by butterfly wings and avian plumage. Distinguished from conventional pigments, structural coloration demonstrates superior stability and environmental compatibility, rendering it valuable for applications in anti-counterfeiting technologies, optical sensing, and biomimetic materials. This research employs temperature-responsive microgels as model systems, guiding students through controlled synthesis and colloidal crystal self-assembly processes to systematically explore the fundamental mechanisms and modulation principles of structural color formation. Monodisperse crosslinked microgels with excellent thermoresponsive properties were synthesized via free-radical precipitation polymerization, enabling precise control over aqueous self-assembly through temperature modulation. The pedagogical framework seamlessly integrates material synthesis, structural characterization, and optical property evaluation, complemented by interactive science communication components. This comprehensive approach effectively stimulates students' research curiosity while cultivating scientific reasoning and innovative capacities.

Key words: Structural color, Colloidal crystal, Microgel, Self-assembly