Abstract: Cyanides are widely present in nature and are highly toxic, often evoking significant concern. The development of human civilization and scientific technology has led to a gradual deepening of the exploration of cyanides, with continuous advancements in understanding and comprehension. However, they are also essential components of the Earth’s primordial atmosphere and play a crucial role as reactive intermediates in the synthesis of key biomolecules, such as amino acids. Hydrocyanic acid and its salts are of critical importance in various industrial processes, including electroplating, dyeing, washing, painting, rubber manufacturing, textiles, and gold mining. Moreover, cyanides are important research subjects in modern medicine and energy fields. This paper explores the dual nature of cyanides, highlighting their role as both a remnant of early Earth’s atmosphere and a catalyst for technological progress. By examining their industrial applications and potential research directions, the paper aims to shed light on the complex role of cyanides in the advancement of human civilization and their ongoing potential for future exploration.

Key words: Cyanide, Physicochemical properties, Toxicology, Industrial applications, Green development