大学化学 >> 2025, Vol. 40 >> Issue (4): 131-137.doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202408125

所属专题： 高分子教育教学

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采用过程再现教学方法讲解聚合物共混物分相机理——针对“高聚物结构与性能”理论教学难点的教学设计

姚东东, 顾军渭, 闫毅, 张军亮, 郑亚萍   

  1. 西北工业大学化学与化工学院, 西安 710129
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-30 录用日期:2025-01-27 发布日期:2025-04-25
  • 通讯作者: 郑亚萍 E-mail:zhengyp@nwpu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    2022年研究生“课程思政”示范课程；2022年西北工业大学基础前沿课程建设项目；2024年度西北工业大学教育教学改革研究项目(24GZ11359)；西北工业大学教育教学改革研究项目(2024JGWZ07, 2023JGZ20)；教育部产学合作协同育人项目；研究生教育研究基金项目(2023YMs018)；研究生教育综合改革发展创新项目(KCJG202408)

Teaching Phase Separation Mechanism in Polymer Blends Using Process Representation Teaching Method: A Teaching Design for Challenging Theoretical Concepts in “Polymer Structure and Properties” Course

Dongdong Yao, JunweiGu, Yi Yan, Junliang Zhang, Yaping Zheng   

  1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710029, China
  • Received:2024-08-30 Accepted:2025-01-27 Published:2025-04-25
  • Contact: Yaping Zheng E-mail:zhengyp@nwpu.edu.cn

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摘要： “高聚物结构与性能”课程中的共混物分相是聚合物改性的一种重要方法，不同的分相机理得到不同的相分离结构，进而得到聚合物材料不同的性能。掌握和理解聚合物共混物的分相机理至关重要，共混物的分相机理十分抽象，也是本课程理论教学的难点和重点。针对此问题，根据多年的教学经验，融入科研成果，设计了过程再现教学方案，即将如何得到共混物相图的科研过程再现出来。讲解共混物的分相机理的思路为：从最简单的二元混合物热力学讲起，进而讲解二元吸热、放热体系分别在低温和高温情况下的热力学行为，最后到复杂情况下的二元共混物的热力学行为及如何得到该相图，从相图上对应讲解不同组分和不同温度时聚合物共混物的两种分相机理。通过上述讲解可以使学生理解分相机理，部分同学还能够将分相机理运用于离子液体凝胶的增强改性，取得了很好的改性效果。

关键词: 高聚物结构与性能, 共混物分相机理, 过程再现教学方法

Abstract: Phase separation in polymer blends is a crucial method for polymer modification, which is covered in the course “Polymer Structure and Properties”. Different phase separation mechanisms result in distinct phase-separated structures, ultimately leading to various material properties. Understanding these mechanisms is essential yet challenging for students due to their abstract nature, making it a key focus in theoretical teaching. Based on years of teaching experience and research findings, we developed a process reproduction teaching method that demonstrates how phase diagrams of polymer blends are obtained. The teaching approach begins with basic binary mixture thermodynamics, then progresses to explaining thermodynamic behaviors of endothermic and exothermic binary systems at both low and high temperatures. Finally, it addresses complex binary blend thermodynamics and phase diagram construction. Using these phase diagrams, we explain two types of phase separation mechanisms under different compositions and temperatures. This teaching method has effectively helped students understand phase separation mechanisms, with some students successfully applying this knowledge to enhance ionic liquid gels.

Key words: Structure and properties of polymer, Phase separation mechanism of polymer blends, Process representation teaching method