大学化学

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凝胶过滤色谱与凝胶渗透色谱：本科教学之外的原理深化与应用拓展

卫亦昕, 金丽花, 欧俊杰   

  1. 西北大学化学与材料科学学院, 陕西 西安 710127
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-30 录用日期:2026-05-13
  • 通讯作者: 金丽花, 欧俊杰 E-mail:jinlihua@nwu.edu.cn;junjieou@nwu.edu.cn Lihua Jin, Junjie Ou
  • 基金资助:
    2025年度陕西本科和高等继续教育教学改革研究项目(25BY083)；西北大学2024年度本科人才培养建设项目(JX2024066)

Gel filtration chromatography and gel permeation chromatography: principle deepening and application expansion beyond undergraduate teaching

Yixin Wei, Lihua Jin, Junjie Ou   

  1. College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, Shaanxi Province, China
  • Received:2026-03-30 Accepted:2026-05-13
  • Contact: Lihua Jin, Junjie Ou E-mail:jinlihua@nwu.edu.cn;junjieou@nwu.edu.cn

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摘要： 尺寸排阻色谱(SEC)作为依据分子尺寸差异进行分离的重要液相色谱技术，在生物制药、高分子材料等领域发挥着不可替代的作用。本文系统梳理了凝胶过滤色谱(GFC)与凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)的发展历程与分离原理，介绍了近年来固定相基质制备技术的研究进展。在应用层面，分别阐述了GFC在胶原蛋白等生物活性材料纯化中的优势，以及GPC在高分子分析检测中的多样化应用场景。基于上述内容，结合学生在学习过程中的心得体会，探讨了如何将前沿技术与原理引入本科仪器分析教学，以帮助学生建立从理论认知到实际应用的完整知识体系，吸引并激发学生的学习兴趣。

关键词: 尺寸排阻色谱, 凝胶过滤色谱, 凝胶渗透色谱, 仪器分析, 固定相, 教学应用

Abstract: Size exclusion chromatography (SEC), a pivotal liquid chromatography technique that separates molecules based on their hydrodynamic volumes, plays an indispensable role in biopharmaceutical and polymer science. This review systematically examines the historical development and separation mechanisms of gel filtration chromatography (GFC) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC), while highlighting recent advancements in stationary phase matrix fabrication. The applications section delineates GFC’s superior performance in purifying bioactive materials such as collagen, alongside GPC’s versatile utility in polymer characterization. Drawing upon students’ learning experiences, this work proposes pedagogical strategies for incorporating these cutting-edge technologies into undergraduate instrumental analysis curricula, aiming to bridge theoretical knowledge with practical applications and foster student engagement.

Key words: Size exclusion chromatography, Gel filtration chromatography, Gel permeation chromatography, Instrumental analysis, Stationary phase, Teaching application