大学化学 >> 2025, Vol. 40 >> Issue (4): 367-374.doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202406113

化学实验 上一篇    下一篇

基于红外光谱探针的腈类溶液结构分析

王央, 傅云鹏, 刘萧骥, 张国涛, 李国斌, 刘万强, 汪靖伦   

  1. 湖南科技大学化学化工学院, 化工与材料国家级实验教学示范中心, 湖南 湘潭 411201
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-27 录用日期:2024-09-30 发布日期:2025-04-25
  • 通讯作者: 刘万强, 汪靖伦 E-mail:wanqiangliu@hnust.edu.cn;jlwang@hnust.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省普通高校青年骨干教师培养项目(H22105)；2024年度湖南省普通本科高校教学改革研究项目(202401000882)；2023年度省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202310534062)

Structural Analysis of Nitrile Solutions Based on Infrared Spectroscopy Probes

Yang Wang, Yunpeng Fu, Xiaoji Liu, Guotao Zhang, Guobin Li, Wanqiang Liu, Jinglun Wang   

  1. National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Chemical Engineering and Material, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan Province, China
  • Received:2024-06-27 Accepted:2024-09-30 Published:2025-04-25
  • Contact: Wanqiang Liu, Jinglun Wang E-mail:wanqiangliu@hnust.edu.cn;jlwang@hnust.edu.cn

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摘要： 在化学、材料和生物等领域，溶液是常见的反应环境，探索溶液结构与性质的相互关系有着重要意义，然而在本科生实验中却鲜有涉及溶液结构的化学实验。本文利用腈类化合物作为红外光谱探针，通过衰减全反射-傅里叶红外光谱仪对溶液中分子-离子间相互作用进行测试，通过改变溶质的浓度和调控溶剂的诱导效应、空间位阻效应以及配位效应，进而分析其对溶液结构的影响。本实验涉及仪器分析、物理化学和有机化学相关综合理论知识，同时可拓展红外吸收光谱仪的应用范围，且实验操作便捷、综合性较强，有利于更好地培养学生的探究能力和创造性思维，可以作为大学生创新性实验开展。

关键词: 溶液结构, 红外吸收光谱, 探针, 分子-离子间相互作用

Abstract: Solutions serve as a common reaction environment across various fields such as chemistry, materials science, and biology. Understanding the relationship between the structure and properties of solutions is of significant importance; however, undergraduate laboratory courses often lack experiments that focus on solution structure. This study employs nitrile compounds as infrared spectral probes to investigate molecular-ion interactions in solution using Attenuated Total Reflection-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). By varying the solute concentration and modulating the solvent’s induction effect, steric hindrance, and coordination, we analyze their impact on the solvation structure. This experiment integrates knowledge from instrumental analysis, physical chemistry, and organic chemistry, while also expanding the applicability of infrared spectroscopy. Moreover, the straightforward experimental procedures enhance students’ investigative skills and creative thinking, making it a valuable addition to innovative undergraduate laboratory courses.

Key words: Solution structure, Infrared absorption spectroscopy, Probes, Molecular-ion interactions