大学化学 >> 2025, Vol. 40 >> Issue (5): 122-127.doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202504073

所属专题： 化学实验标准与规范建设

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有机化学实验混合溶剂重结晶操作规范建议

袁呈山, 李小龙, 杨秀平, 邵向锋, 刘子桐, 王晓磊, 沈永雯   

  1. 兰州大学化学化工学院, 化学国家级实验教学示范中心(兰州大学), 天然产物化学全国重点实验室, 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-28 修回日期:2025-05-08 发布日期:2025-05-21
  • 通讯作者: 袁呈山 E-mail:yuancs@lzu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省2023年高等教育教学成果培育项目(PX-48232736)；兰州大学教育教学改革研究项目

Standardized Operational Guidelines for Mixed-Solvent Recrystallization in Organic Chemistry Experiment

Chengshan Yuan, Xiaolong Li, Xiuping Yang, Xiangfeng Shao, Zitong Liu, Xiaolei Wang, Yongwen Shen   

  1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry (Lanzhou University), State Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • Received:2025-04-28 Revised:2025-05-08 Published:2025-05-21
  • Contact: Chengshan Yuan E-mail:yuancs@lzu.edu.cn

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摘要： 混合溶剂重结晶是一种常用且选择性强的纯化方法，但当前教学中缺乏系统规范，学生常因溶剂选择不当、操作策略不合理，导致结晶失败或纯度不高。本文梳理了混合溶剂重结晶的基本原理与操作流程，明确了溶剂选择、脱色、热过滤与结晶诱导等步骤，提出的操作建议具有良好的可行性与推广价值，为教学标准化提供参考。

关键词: 有机化学实验, 重结晶, 混合溶剂, 操作规范

Abstract: Mixed-solvent recrystallization is a commonly used and highly selective purification method. However, systematic operational guidelines are still lacking in current teaching, and students often encounter issues such as inappropriate solvent selection or improper techniques, resulting in failed crystallization or low purity. This paper outlines the basic principles and procedures of mixed-solvent recrystallization, clarifies key steps including solvent selection, decolorization, hot filtration, and crystallization induction, and proposes practical guidelines. These recommendations are feasible and widely applicable, offering a reference for standardizing laboratory instruction.

Key words: Organic chemistry experiment, Recrystallization, Mixed solvent, Standardized operational guideline