大学化学 >> 2025, Vol. 40 >> Issue (8): 181-191.doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202410025

所属专题： 有机磷化学

知识介绍 上一篇    下一篇

磷源的选择及三种含磷阻燃剂的合成与阻燃性

范瑞兰, 黄晓玲   

  1. 内蒙古大学化学化工学院, 内蒙古自治区有机功能分子合成与应用重点实验室, 呼和浩特 010021
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-08 录用日期:2025-02-17 发布日期:2025-07-19
  • 通讯作者: 范瑞兰 E-mail:ruilanfan@imu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自然科学基金(2024LHMS05036)

Selection of Phosphorus Sources and Synthesis of Three Phosphorus-Containing Flame Retardants with Evaluation of Their Flame Retardant Performance

Ruilan Fan, Xiaoling Huang   

  1. Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
  • Received:2024-10-08 Accepted:2025-02-17 Published:2025-07-19
  • Contact: Ruilan Fan E-mail:ruilanfan@imu.edu.cn

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摘要： 在磷系阻燃剂合成中磷源化合物的选择至关重要，除考虑其阻燃效果外，反应性、稳定性及价格也是重要的参考要素。本文比较了三氯氧磷、六氯环磷腈及植酸三种不同磷源化合物的优缺点，并结合科研实践介绍了三种含磷阻燃剂的合成及对聚氨酯的阻燃功效，为阻燃剂合成设计中磷源的合理选择提供了一些参考。同时相关反应及表征知识也是对基础有机化学教学内容的延展，可加深学生对知识点的理解并将其关联到科研实践中。

关键词: 磷源化合物, 含磷阻燃剂, 合成表征, 阻燃性

Abstract: The choice of phosphorus source compounds plays a pivotal role in the synthesis of phosphorus-based flame retardants. In addition to evaluating flame retardant efficiency, critical parameters such as chemical reactivity, thermal stability, and economic feasibility must be carefully considered. This study presents a comparative analysis of three distinct phosphorus sources: phosphorus oxychloride, hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene, and phytic acid, highlighting their respective advantages and limitations. Furthermore, we detail the synthetic procedures for three phosphorus-containing flame retardants and demonstrate their effectiveness in enhancing the flame resistance of polyurethane materials. These findings offer valuable guidance for the judicious selection of phosphorus sources in flame retardant design. The presented chemical reactions and characterization methodologies also serve as practical extensions to fundamental organic chemistry curricula, facilitating students’ comprehension of theoretical concepts through their application in research contexts.

Key words: Phosphorus source compounds, Phosphorus-containing flame retardants, Synthesis and characterization, Flame retardancy