大学化学 >> 2026, Vol. 41 >> Issue (7): 406-414.doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202506077

师生笔谈 上一篇    

高校有机化学教学中目标有机分子合成路线设计的教学策略探析

曾敬1, 张悦1, 陈元瑞2, 杨晓博1, 赵震1   

  1. 1 沈阳师范大学化学化工学院, 辽宁 沈阳 110034;
    2 沈阳师范大学教师教育学院, 辽宁 沈阳 110034
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-18 录用日期:2025-09-04 发布日期:2026-06-27
  • 通讯作者: 杨晓博, 赵震 E-mail:yangxb@synu.edu.cn;zhenzhao@cup.edu.cn Xiaobo Yang, Zhen Zhao
  • 基金资助:
    兴辽英才计划-青年拔尖人才项目(XLYC2203110);辽宁省自然科学基金(2024-MS-111);沈阳市自然科学基金基础研究专项(23-503-6-10)

Teaching strategies for synthetic route design of target organic molecules in university organic chemistry courses

Jing Zeng1, Yue Zhang1, Yuanrui Chen2, Xiaobo Yang1, Zhen Zhao1   

  1. 1 College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning Province, China;
    2 College of Teacher Education, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning Province, China
  • Received:2025-06-18 Accepted:2025-09-04 Published:2026-06-27
  • Contact: Xiaobo Yang, Zhen Zhao E-mail:yangxb@synu.edu.cn;zhenzhao@cup.edu.cn

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摘要： 在高校有机化学教学中，尤其是中等水平院校，学生普遍面临有机分子合成路线设计能力薄弱的问题。基于经典逆合成分析法和教学实践，笔者提出四项指导策略：识别目标分子结构特征，分析与原料的结构差异，掌握关键反应产物特征，培养发散性思维。该策略有助于提升学生的合成设计能力与知识整合水平，激发学习兴趣，促进教学效果优化。

关键词: 有机化学, 教学策略, 合成路线, 分子结构特征, 结构差异

Abstract: In university-level organic chemistry instruction, particularly at mid-tier institutions, students frequently demonstrate deficiencies in designing synthetic routes for organic molecules. Drawing upon classical retrosynthetic analysis methodology and extensive teaching experience, this study presents four pedagogical strategies: identification of characteristic structural features in target molecules, analysis of structural disparities between target molecules and starting materials, mastery of key reaction product characteristics, and cultivation of divergent thinking approaches. These strategies aim to enhance students’ synthetic route design capabilities and knowledge integration skills while stimulating learning engagement, thereby optimizing instructional outcomes in organic chemistry education.

Key words: Organic chemistry, Teaching strategy, Synthetic route, Molecular structure features, Structural differences