Abstract: The Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction represents a pivotal organic transformation for the formation of carbon-carbon bonds, holding extensive applications within the realms of both organic synthesis and pharmaceutical chemistry. This article presents a comprehensive review of the mechanism underlying the Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction, alongside recent advancements in various catalytic approaches, such as metal catalysis, organocatalysis, visible light photocatalysis, enzymatic and electrochemical catalysis. By merging cutting-edge scientific developments with undergraduate teaching content, this review endeavors to inspire students’ learning interests while fostering their capacity for innovative thinking.

Key words: Friedel-Crafts alkylation, Organic synthesis, Catalysis