University Chemistry ›› 2026, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (8): 148-161.doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202507121

• Survey of Chemistry • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Research progress on 1,3-difunctionalization of alkenes

Junyuan Zhang1, Xiangzheng Ren2, Zhiwei Miao1   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China;
    2 CHAHO (Tianjin) Technology CO., LTD, Tianjin 300400, China
  • Received:2025-07-28 Accepted:2025-10-15 Published:2026-08-25
  • Contact: Zhiwei Miao E-mail:miaozhiwei@nankai.edu.cn

Abstract: The 1,3-difunctionalization of alkenes offers an efficient synthetic strategy for constructing complex molecules through simultaneous introduction of two functional groups at non-adjacent carbon positions (α and γ). This transformation presents several challenges, including multiple potential reaction sites, extended distance between reactive centers, regioselective competition with 1,2- and 1,1-difunctionalized products, as well as chemoselectivity issues in multicomponent reactions. Developing catalytic systems that enable highly regioselective, step-economical, and atom-economical 1,3-difunctionalization of alkenes has become a key research focus in organic chemistry. This review summarizes recent advances in alkene 1,3-difunctionalization reactions and provides perspectives on future developments in this field.

Key words: Alkenes, 1,3-Difunctionalization, Regioselectivity, Research progress