Abstract:

Electrophilic substitution reaction, especially electrophilic aromatic substitution, is a common and basic organic reaction. In the reaction, the substituents on the aromatic ring affect the rate of further substitution, as well as the orientation of new groups. In this paper we describe an insight into electrophilic substitution reaction from the view of spectroscopy. We utilize the data of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to disclose how the substituents affect electron cloud of the aromatic ring, and further affect the reactivity and the position of substitution. The paper would inspire students in their study and research.

Key words: Electrophilic substitution reaction, Spectroscopy, Organic chemistry teaching