仪器分析化学实验拓展与应用——离子色谱法测定生活饮用水中的阴离子

doi:10.3866/PKU.DXHX202203065

Abstract

Abstract:

Water is a necessity for human survival. The safety of drinking water has always been an important factor that affects people's lives and health. Thus, determining the water quality is a key point of national guidance. Based on the instrumental analysis course of the College of Chemistry of Nankai University and literatures, students chose a topic wherein the anion type and concentration in common drinking water were determined with the assistance of teachers. Thus, they judged the differences of different types of drinking water and whether they meet the national standards. The experimental results would provide theoretical guidance and suggestions for the people to choose the safest drinking water. Additionally, this experiment stimulated students' interest in learning and further deepened their understanding and application of ion chromatography analysis technology. The performance of this experiment represents a close combination of theory with practice. This enables students to flexibly apply the knowledge they learned in the course of instrumental analysis to real life and deepens their understanding of the close relationship between chemistry and daily life.

Key words: Expansion and application of instrumental analysis experiment, Ion exchange chromatography, Anion, Drinking water, Safety

Yaoyao Zhou, Jiang'ai Long, Ying Wang, Xi Wang, Rui Wang, Haojing Wang, Ruitong Ma, Linyu Tan, Siqi Ma, Yan Li, Lingyan Liu. Expansion and Application of the Instrumental Analysis Experimental Course: Determination of Anions in Drinking Water through Ion Chromatography[J].University Chemistry, 2023, 38(2): 154-162.

Figures/Tables 9

References 12

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组分	标样1 (mL)	标样2 (mL)	标样3 (mL)	标样4 (mL)	标样5 (mL)
NaF	1	3	5	8	10
NaCl	0.5	1	2	4	5
NaNO₃	0.5	1	2	4	8
Na₂SO₄	0.5	1	2	4	6

组分	序号	保留时间/min	峰面积/((μS∙cm⁻¹) × min)	浓度/(mg∙L⁻¹)
氟离子	1	3.33	0.169	1
	2	3.65	0.474	3
	3	3.34	0.744	5
	4	3.38	1.235	8
	5	3.38	1.594	10
氯离子	1	5.31	0.633	5
	2	5.66	1.235	10
	3	5.31	2.276	20
	4	5.25	4.959	40
	5	5.26	6.334	50
硝酸根离子	1	10.25	0.270	5
	2	10.53	0.592	10
	3	10.10	1.148	20
	4	9.53	2.282	40
	5	10.57	5.885	80
硫酸根离子	1	13.88	0.351	5
	2	14.37	0.75	10
	3	13.96	1.465	20
	4	14.16	3.072	40
	5	15.70	4.950	60

阴离子种类	平均保留时间/min	线性方程	线性范围/(mg∙L⁻¹)	相关系数R²
氟离子	3.42	y = 6.384x + 0.029	1.00–10.0	0.998
氯离子	5.36	y = 7.872x + 0.695	5.00–50.0	0.998
硝酸根离子	10.2	y = 13.26x + 3.999	5.00–80.0	0.987
硫酸根离子	14.4	y = 12.025x + 1.537	5.00–60.0	0.998

离子名称	理论浓度/ (mg∙L⁻¹)	实验测定值/(mg∙L⁻¹)							平均值/ (mg∙L⁻¹)	相对误差%	标准偏差S/(mg∙L⁻¹)	检出限MDL/ (mg∙L⁻¹)	相对标准偏差RSD/%
离子名称	理论浓度/ (mg∙L⁻¹)	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	平均值/ (mg∙L⁻¹)	相对误差%	标准偏差S/(mg∙L⁻¹)	检出限MDL/ (mg∙L⁻¹)	相对标准偏差RSD/%
氟离子	5	4.78	4.77	4.79	4.83	4.89	4.89	4.89	4.84	3.28	0.056	0.29	1.2
氯离子	20	18.6	18.7	18.7	18.9	21.1	19.2	19.1	19.2	4.11	0.88	4.6	4.6
硝酸根离子	20	19.2	19.3	18.9	19	19.2	19.2	19.1	19.1	4.33	0.16	0.82	0.82
硫酸根离子	20	19.2	19.2	19.1	19.3	19.1	19.3	19.3	19.2	3.99	0.087	0.46	0.45

样品名	离子色谱相关数据	F⁻	Cl⁻	NO₃⁻	SO₄²⁻
1. 功能饮料	保留时间/min (稀释后)	3.18	5.35	–	13.94
	峰面积/((μS∙cm⁻¹) × min) (稀释后)	0.149	0.251	–	0.421
	离子浓度/(mg∙L⁻¹) (稀释后)	9.8	570.8	–	66.0
2. 矿泉水	保留时间/min	3.36	5.37	10.27	14.65
	峰面积/((μS∙cm⁻¹) × min)	0.028	0.159	0.081	0.233
	离子浓度/(mg∙L⁻¹)	0.2	1.9	5.1	4.3
3. 二主楼饮水机	保留时间/min	3.36	5.37	10.26	14.17
	峰面积/((μS∙cm⁻¹) × min)	0.028	1.122	0.320	1.964
	离子浓度/(mg∙L⁻¹)	0.2	9.5	8.2	25.2
4. 十五宿饮水机	保留时间/min	3.36	5.40	10.42	14.10
	峰面积/((μS∙cm⁻¹) × min)	0.038	1.111	0.332	1.986
	离子浓度/(mg∙L⁻¹)	0.3	9.4	8.4	25.4
5. 十五宿开水房	保留时间/min	3.36	5.36	10.15	14.19
	峰面积/((μS∙cm⁻¹) × min)	0.039	1.137	0.334	2.002
	离子浓度/(mg∙L⁻¹)	0.3	9.6	8.4	25.6
6. 自来水	保留时间/min	3.37	5.26	9.6	14.2
	峰面积/((μS∙cm⁻¹) × min)	0.034	1.084	0.370	1.929
	离子浓度/(mg∙L⁻¹)	0.2	9.2	8.9	24.7
7. 综合楼饮水机	保留时间/min	–	5.26	9.70	14.24
	峰面积/((μS∙cm⁻¹) × min)	–	0.059	0.024	0.019
	离子浓度/(mg∙L⁻¹)	–	1.2	4.3	1.8

Expansion and Application of the Instrumental Analysis Experimental Course: Determination of Anions in Drinking Water through Ion Chromatography

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阴离子种类	氟化物	氯化物	硝酸盐	硫酸盐
饮水水中标准含量/(mg∙L⁻¹)	0–1.0	0–250	0–20	0–250

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