从能源产业发展和人才需求浅谈“能源化学”新工科改造

doi:10.3866/PKU.DXHX202005038

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on building emerging engineering education of "energy chemistry", we investigated the state key petro-chemical enterprises according to the industrial development and the demand of professional talents. The research report summarizes, analyzes and discusses the current priority development fields of industry, the talent training status, curriculum structure and education program of the chemistry and chemical engineering in universities. The ideas on emerging engineering education of "energy chemistry" have been proposed, and it will be beneficial to building a novel education program for talents training, which integrates the principle of chemistry, energy conversion and information science, etc.

Key words: Energy chemistry, Emerging engineering education, Fossil energy, Investigation and research

Hualong Xu, Yaxian Zhu, Shuyong Zhang, Lansun Zheng. Discussion on Emerging Engineering Education Reform of "Energy Chemistry" Based on Investigation of Some Fossil Energy Industries[J].University Chemistry, 2020, 35(10): 28-32.

Figures/Tables 2

一级指标	二级指标	调研反馈意见
1.企业对未来人才需求	1.1企业目前迫切需求什么样的专业人才？	反馈意见普遍认为企业技术人员应具有扎实的专业知识、创新意识和实践能力。学校要注重学生创新精神、学习能力和实践能力的培养。
	1.2企业对技术研发人才有哪些新的素质和能力要求？	在知识教育方面，掌握扎实的化学基础知识至关重要。希望加强化工辅助计算和信息化控制技术知识；团队合作精神被普遍认为是最重要的素养。
	1.3对于培养解决复杂的生产技术问题、具有统领多学科团队带头人需具备什么知识和素养？	企业和技术团队带头人知识面要宽，且具有扎实专业知识和创新意识，团结和引领团队向上的能力。
2.毕业生核心素养	2.1企业对目前新近大学生的素质和能力是否满意？	对新进本科生的满意度在77%左右。认为新进本科生通过一段时间的岗位培训可以胜任岗位职责。
	2.2面对企业需求，化学专业毕业生还缺什么专业知识？	在知识培养方面，希望加强实践能力、化工辅助计算和信息化控制技术知识。另外，团队合作精神培养也被普遍认为是最重要的方面。
	2.3能源化学专业需要新设置哪些专业课程？	需要加强在能源结构、能源转化化学和高效利用技术、能耗分析、节能技术与过程优化、炼化一体化观念和系统管理等方面的教育。
3.培养模式	3.1对目前化学与化学工程专业培养模式的满意度和改进建议	反馈意见中，满意度为50%，基本满意(含不发表意见)的44%，不满意6%。不满意中主要的意见为理论教学和实际应用的脱节。有88%的被调查者认为相关专业培养方案、课程体系、课程内容改革能够基本适应企业研发和生产实践的需要，认为不适应率占12%。建议加强在实践能力、化工模拟计算、自动化控制知识和能源工程知识的教学。
	3.2是否支持按照卓越工程师的培养要求，有企业参与实践能力培养？是否支持企业专家参与培养方案的制订、课程设计和教学、实践指导？	支持企业专家参与培养方案的制订、课程设计和教学、实践指导比率达到98.8%。对有企业参与实践能力培养的支持率达98.3%。普遍认为企业导师具有很丰富的工程实践经验，并能够将产业中的问题和基础学科的知识有机结合，可激发学生的学习热情和探索精神。
	3.3企业导师参与毕业论文指导是否必要？有什么障碍？	对于企业导师参与毕业论文指导的赞成率达95%；认为企业专家参与高校教学的主要障碍除工作时间的限制外，现行课程结构中实践和理论课程的脱节也是实施多导师制的障碍。
4.教学内容	4.1您认为现行的应用化学、化学工程与工艺的培养方案、课程体系、课程内容是否适应企业技术研发人员培养需要？	有约50%的人员认为可以通过对现有相关专业进行改革，调整教学内容满足人才培养的需求。但是也存在人才培养和生产实际需求脱节现象。
	4.2如果认为不适应，您认为应该增加哪些理论课程和实验课程？	大部分专业技术人员建议加强实践教学，特别是信息科学和现代化工计算和设计工具，如Aspen、AutoCAD、过程模拟等。
	4.3对设立“能源化学”新专业必要性，对专业教学内容的建议？	普遍认为设置新专业非常必要，且需要以国家和企业发展重大需求对培养方案和课程结构进行系统设计，不能做简单拼盘。

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Discussion on Emerging Engineering Education Reform of "Energy Chemistry" Based on Investigation of Some Fossil Energy Industries

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