防范风险提高效率——以改变高压吸附仪周边设备为例

doi:10.3866/PKU.DXHX202011039

Abstract

Abstract:

This paper enumerates the common risks in the daily test of the high-pressure adsorption laboratory, and puts forward the specific measures to remodel the peripheral equipment of the high-pressure adsorption instrument. Through practical verification, these measures can effectively prevent the occurrence of risks, reduce the work intensity and improve the test efficiency.

Key words: High pressure adsorption, Combustible gas, Gas cylinder, Risk management

Jianhui Zhang, Xiaolan Yu, Weiqing Zhang. Risk Prevention and Efficiency Improvement: A Case Study of Changing Peripheral Equipment of High Pressure Adsorption Instrument[J].University Chemistry, 2021, 36(8): 2011039.

Figures/Tables 4

References 12

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风险源	危险因素及情形	对采取措施的要求
1. 供电	1.1实验室供电跳闸、停电	1.1所配钢瓶内吸附气体全部泄漏到室内也不会引起窒息或爆炸
1. 供电	1.2电器故障造成电火花	1.2同上
2. 通风	2.1通风不良	2.1同上
3. 排气设施	3.1排气扇突然不能排风	3.1在仪器及吸附气路旁装有用不间断电源(UPS)供电的摇摆风扇，防止危险气体局部聚集
4. 空压机及动力气路	4.1空压机突然不工作	4.1空压机储气罐适当大，所储动力气在空压机不工作时也能满足仪器连续工作至少16小时
4. 空压机及动力气路	4.2漏气	4.2在空压机上安装温度继电器，设置断电温度，避免因消音棉过热引起火灾
5. 吸附气及气路	5.1漏气，尤其是压力表	5.1所配钢瓶内吸附气体全溢出时室内浓度低于爆炸下限
6. 高压吸附仪气路	6.1气动阀、内部气路漏气	6.1同上

气体种类	爆炸下限^* V/V	临界温度^*/℃	临界压力^*/MPa	气体所属种类^*	市场常见销售瓶装气规格及容量			在50 m³空间的浓度(V/V)
气体种类	爆炸下限^* V/V	临界温度^*/℃	临界压力^*/MPa	气体所属种类^*	瓶压力/ MPa	瓶体积/ L	折算成常压体积(25 ℃)/m³	在50 m³空间的浓度(V/V)
氢气	4%	-239.9	1.30	压缩气体	13.5	40	≈ 6	≈ 12%
甲烷	5.3%	-82.5	4.64	压缩气体	13.5	40	≈ 6	≈ 12%
乙烷	3%	32.4	4.91	高压液化气	气或液	4	≈ 1.8	≈ 3.6%
乙烯	3.1%	9.9	5.12	高压液化气	气或液	8	≈ 3.8	≈ 7.6%
丙烷	2.1%	96.8	4.27	低压液化气	液化气	8	≈ 2.2	≈ 4.4%

填充棒	p_罐始压/kPa	V_罐+管/cm³	p_罐持压/kPa	V_歧/cm³	p_平衡/kPa	V_仓/cm³	p_常压/kPa	V_余/cm³
无	10000	115	7000	24	6317	11	100	1077
有	10000	115	7000	24	6317	8.6	100	1228
无	4200	115	2500	24	2256	11	100	1106
有	4200	115	2500	24	2256	8.6	100	1160

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Risk Prevention and Efficiency Improvement: A Case Study of Changing Peripheral Equipment of High Pressure Adsorption Instrument

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