氢元素教学内容的重构

doi:10.3866/PKU.DXHX202004010

Abstract

Abstract:

In the past two decades, the research on the chemistry of hydrogen has been developed rapidly in both basic research and application fields, especially in hydrogen bonding and hydrogen energy. Hydrogen bonding has become an interdisciplinary subject of chemistry, biology, physics and material science, while hydrogen energy has become one of the most important clean energy, leading to multiple researches on hydrogen production and hydrogen storage materials. Furthermore, the isotopes of hydrogen atoms have not attracted enough attention in university chemistry teaching, which are related to chemistry, radioactivity and energy science. As a result, in this paper, we discuss the updating of the teaching content of hydrogen element in inorganic chemistry teaching in terms of the isotopes of hydrogen, hydrogen bonding and hydrogen energy.

Key words: Inorganic chemistry teaching, Hydrogen isotopes, Hydrogen bonding, Supramolecular assembly, Hydrogen energy

Hui Li, Junrui Tan. Updating the Teaching Content of Hydrogen Element[J].University Chemistry, 2020, 35(8): 75-88.

Figures/Tables 27

References 30

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符号	Z(p)	N(n)	原子质量单位/u	半衰期	原子核自旋	丰度	丰度的变化率
¹H	1	0	1.00782503207(10)	稳定[ > 2.8 × 10²³年]	1/2+	0.999885(70)	0.999816–0.999974
²H	1	1	2.0141017778(4)	稳定	1+	0.000115(70)	0.000026–0.000184
³H	1	2	3.0160492777(25)	12.32(2)年	1/2+	痕量
⁴H	1	3	4.02781(11)	1.39(10) × 10^?22秒	2?
⁵H	1	4	5.03531(11)	7.995 × 10^?23秒	(1/2+)
⁶H	1	5	6.04494(28)	2.848 × 10^?22秒	2?

配合物	Chemical shift	R_h/nm	τ_c × 10^?11/s	(e²qQ/h)’/MHz	T₁/ms
K₃[Co(CN)₆]	1.23				94.5
K₃[Co(CN)₆] (pH＞11)	0.00			0.35	138
[12]^*aneN₄[Co(CN)₆]	?4.35	0.48	3.8	0.97	68.8
[18]aneN₆[Co(CN)₆]	?12.88	0.60	9.5	2.16	5.6
[24]aneN₈[Co(CN)₆]	?6.54	0.60	9.5	1.05	23.4
[16]aneN₄[Co(CN)₆]	?1.75	0.48	3.8	0.72	124
[24]aneN₆[Co(CN)₆]	?12.21	0.55	6.6	1.71	12.9
[32]aneN₈[Co(CN)₆]	?12.58	0.55	6.6	1.43	18.5

	Strong	Moderate	Weak
D/?	2.2-2.5	2.5-3.2	>3.2
H…Y/?	1.2-1.5	1.5-2.2	>2.2
θ/°	170-180	>130	>90
X-H vs. H…Y	X-H-H…Y	X-H>H…Y	X-H>>H…Y
Bond energy/kJ mol^-1	63-167	17-63	< 17

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Updating the Teaching Content of Hydrogen Element

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