Abstract: The technological trajectory of uranium is characterized by its inherent duality: Uranium-235 serves as the foundation for nuclear energy and weaponry, whereas Uranium-238 provides the basis for geological dating. From its initial misidentification to its pivotal role in the militarized “Manhattan Project”, uranium has emerged as both a source of clean nuclear power and a devastating weapon, establishing it as a paradigmatic case in scientific ethics. This article presents a comprehensive examination of uranium's dual identity, encompassing its cosmic origins, discovery, physicochemical properties, diverse applications, and associated ethical dilemmas.

Key words: Uranium, Isotopes, Nuclear energy, Popularization of chemistry