Abstract: Sols represent a class of widely utilized nanomaterials in biomedical applications, demonstrating extensive utility in biosensing, bioimaging, and biomedicine. Building upon existing fundamental research on sol properties, further experimental investigations into their modification and applications hold significant value for expanding medical students’ knowledge of cutting-edge sol technologies and enhancing their understanding of medical applications. Spherical nucleic acids (SNAs) stand as the most mature and exemplary model of sol modification and application. Incorporating our research team’s innovative findings on SNA preparation, this study develops a novel experimental protocol for SNA synthesis and application specifically designed for medical laboratory technology education. The experiment systematically combines gold sol synthesis, SNA preparation (through DNA modification of gold sols), and DNA detection applications. With its innovative content and logically progressive design, this experiment effectively stimulates students’ investigative interest. Results indicate that this newly developed protocol offers simple operation, eliminates the need for large-scale instrumentation, ensures environmental safety, and demonstrates excellent feasibility and reproducibility, making it highly suitable for undergraduate laboratory instruction. This project-oriented approach, focusing on cultivating scientific innovation literacy, integrates theoretical knowledge with practical problem-solving while maintaining an appropriate level of challenge, thereby enhancing students’ ability to comprehensively apply knowledge for analytical problem-solving.

Key words: Gold sol, Spherical nucleic acid, Preparation, Characterization, DNA detection