“学生为中心+闭环式教学”环境无机及分析化学教学改革与实践

doi:10.3866/PKU.DXHX202210018

Abstract

Abstract:

Environmental inorganic and analytical chemistry is an important basic course of environmental science. Under the background of "new college entrance examination", the teaching of environmental inorganic and analytical chemistry is facing great challenges due to the different chemical knowledge reserves of students. This paper proposes the teaching mode of student-centered and closed-loop teaching with teacher-directed and student-oriented, dig the relationship between professional content and ideological moral education, and then design and practice curriculum ideological and political teaching cases, expecting to realize knowledge imparting and value leading in the same direction.

Key words: Course ideology and politics, Inorganic and analytical chemistry, Closed-loop teaching, Teaching design, Practical cases

Nana Wang, Hui Sun, Gang Song. Teaching Reform and Practice of Environmental Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Based on Student-Centered and Closed-Loop Teaching[J].University Chemistry, 2023, 38(8): 69-76.

Figures/Tables 5

章节	授课要点	思政设计融入点	教学形式	预期成效
物质的聚集状态	分散系	以有色玻璃、云雾、珍珠、汽水等为例介绍分散系的特性	案例教学	培养学生透过现象看本质的能力
	理想气体状态方程	高山病——低气压生理效应	新闻媒介	培养学生的思辨精神
	稀溶液的通性	以淡水鱼在海水中会死亡，人体发高烧时要静脉注射生理盐水和葡萄糖溶液为例，讲解溶液的依数性	举例说明	培养学生学以致用、相信科学的素养
定量分析基础	检验数据合理性方法及置信度、置信区间	通过核酸假阴性与假阳性问题、社会主义的目标是实现全民共同富裕等，强调数据处理的规范性	新闻媒介	培养学生尊重科学、正确认识科技理论和生命伦理
定量分析基础	有效数字运算	利用中国500 m口径球面射电望远镜(天眼FAST)的安装要求，引申出数字的有效性	案例教学讨论式教学	培养学生严谨细微、精益求精的治学精神
酸碱平衡与酸碱滴定	酸碱的定义	酸和碱的认识从味觉识别到阿累乌尼思酸碱质子理论	案例教学	培养学生怀疑精神和批判性思维
	缓冲溶液	人体血液pH维持恒定的原因	探究式教学	培养学生全局意识和分析处理问题的能力
	弱酸/碱盐的水解	侯氏制碱法对于由“中国制造”到“中国创造”的意义	启发式教学	增强学生家国情怀、使命担当
	弱酸/碱解离平衡计算	通过薛定谔方程的建立过程，引申弱酸碱解离平衡计算	启发式教学	培养学生归纳演绎的辩证思维能力
沉淀溶解平衡与沉淀滴定	溶度积常数	通过钡餐案例介绍溶度积常数的重要性	举例说明	培养学生尊重科学
	溶度积原理	三聚氰胺毒奶粉、“瘦肉精”事件的本质	案例教学	增强学生食品安全意识、职业道德和社会责任感
	沉淀的溶解和转化	以湖南“镉大米”、云南曲靖铬渣中重金属定量分析为例，介绍沉淀溶解平衡的分析应用	案例教学	培养学生保护自然环境的责任感
氧化还原平衡与氧化还原滴定	氧化还原反应和原电池	家用电动车充电起火爆炸的本质原因，新能源汽车行业的崛起和发展故事	案例教学	培养学生透过现象看本质的能力
	氧化剂和还原剂相对强弱关系	夏冬季昼夜长短关系类比氧化剂和还原剂的关系	讨论式教学	通过物质性质的两面性，学会在逆境中积极乐观地解决问题
	影响电极电势的因素	石墨烯在化学电池中存在应用局限性的主要原因	探究式教学	激发学生的创新精神，激励学生为建设创新型国家做出奉献
配位化合物与配位滴定	配合物的基本概念	Werner的“配位键理论”获得1913年诺贝尔化学奖的故事	案例教学	培养学生的怀疑精神和问题意识，塑造科学的思维模式
配位化合物与配位滴定	配位化合物的特点	影片《我不是药神》中慢粒白血病正版和仿制版抗癌药的故事；青霉素、青蒿素的发现	新闻媒介	增强学生职业道德和社会责任感
配位化合物与配位滴定	配位反应	EDTA的化学特性，导致其应用广泛	启发式教学	掌握事物之间普遍联系的哲学观点
化学反应的一般原理	化学剂量反应	利用低碳经济、碳中和、碳达峰的理念，引入化学反应的计量原理	举例说明	培养学生职业素养，责任担当
	热力学定律	第一次、第二工业革命历史	案例教学	培养学生敏于观察和勤于实践的科研素养
	化学反应速率	以发生有效碰撞的条件类比异性之间的恋爱	启发式教学	鼓励学生树立健全的人格和正确的人生观、价值观
物质的结构基础	核外电子运动状态	道尔顿事迹、核外电子运动模型的原始想法和不断完善的历史过程	引导式教学	鼓励学生热爱科学、努力奋斗
	电子排布的两原理一规则	徐光宪先生以国家战略需求为导向，数次改变研究领域的故事	案例教学	培养家国情怀，弘扬科学报国
	原子结构	索尔维会议哥本哈根学派与其反对派之间的学术争议事件	启发式教学	培养学生的怀疑精神和问题意识，塑造科学的思维模式
	化学键理论	C₆₀的发现和制备过程	案例教学	增强学生团队意识
	元素周期律	门捷列夫与元素周期表的故事、曹原发现石墨烯超导现象、华为顽强应对美国贸易制裁事件	案例教学新闻媒介	培养学生追求真理、勇攀高峰的科学素养以及严谨细微、务实求真的治学精神

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Teaching Reform and Practice of Environmental Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Based on Student-Centered and Closed-Loop Teaching

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