Abstract: Compared to traditional drugs, monoclonal antibody (mAb) drugs distinguish themselves through their excellent specificity. They are capable of precisely recognizing and binding to target antigens, accurately localizing to diseased sites, and intervening in specific disease processes, thereby minimizing damage to other parts of the body and reducing side effects. MAb drugs play an important role in disease prevention and treatment, characterized by their unique structural functions, stringent preparation processes, and widely acknowledged safety. This article introduces the structure and functions of mAb drugs, along with their preparation processes, and emphasizes their significant contributions to the treatment of tumor, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases.

Key words: Monoclonal antibody, Preparation of monoclonal antibody drugs, Quality control of monoclonal antibody drugs