大学化学 >> 2026, Vol. 41 >> Issue (2): 385-392.doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202502049

化学实验 上一篇    下一篇

适于课堂教学的咖啡因升华趣味实验及其装置

李芳1,2, 赵卫光2   

  1. 1 化学国家级实验教学示范中心(南开大学), 天津 300071;
    2南开大学化学学院, 天津 300071
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-08 录用日期:2025-03-31 发布日期:2025-12-27
  • 通讯作者: 赵卫光 E-mail:zwg@nankai.edu.cn Weiguang Zhao
  • 基金资助:
    南开大学2023年实验教学改革项目(23NKZZYQ04)；南开大学2022年本科教育教学改革思政课建设项目(NKJG2022028)

A Novel and Engaging Caffeine Sublimation Experiment and Apparatus for Classroom Instruction

Fang Li1,2, Weiguang Zhao2   

  1. 1 National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education (Nankai University), Tianjin 300071, China;
    2 College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
  • Received:2025-02-08 Accepted:2025-03-31 Published:2025-12-27
  • Contact: Weiguang Zhao E-mail:zwg@nankai.edu.cn

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摘要： 从茶叶中提取咖啡因实验涉及了很多化学实验基本操作以及天然产物的分离提纯的理论知识，是大学化学经典实验，也是中学教学和考试重点。本文采用化工行业常用的柔性硅橡胶加热板制作了一套新型加热装置，代替了传统实验的加热装置，大大提高了实验的安全性。并利用网上可以买到的材料，制作了一套实验成功率高、成本低廉，并且具有可视化、趣味化的咖啡因升华实验装置，可以满足教育资源不足的地区进行教学展示或教学实验的需要。以趣味化实验设计为核心的实验方案有助于帮助学生了解化学的基本原理、实验技术和加深化学在现代社会生活的重要性的认识，提升学生对于化学学科的兴趣。

关键词: 咖啡因, 升华, 趣味实验, 科普, 教学

Abstract: The extraction of caffeine from tea leaves, a classic experiment in university chemistry curricula, encompasses fundamental chemical operations and theoretical principles of natural product isolation and purification. This experiment also holds significant importance in secondary school education and examinations. In this study, we have developed an innovative heating apparatus utilizing flexible silicone rubber heating plates, a material commonly employed in the chemical industry. This novel device replaces traditional heating equipment, substantially enhancing experimental safety. Furthermore, we have designed a cost-effective and visually engaging caffeine sublimation apparatus using readily available materials, which demonstrates high experimental success rates. This apparatus is particularly suitable for educational demonstrations and experiments in regions with limited educational resources. Our experimental design, centered on engaging and interactive approaches, facilitates students' comprehension of fundamental chemical principles and experimental techniques. It also deepens their understanding of chemistry’s significance in modern society and fosters increased interest in the chemical sciences.

Key words: Caffeine, Sublimation, Engaging experiments, Science popularization, Teaching