“课程思政”融入“原子结构与元素周期表”教学的探索与实践

doi:10.3866/PKU.DXHX202208035

Abstract

Abstract:

Taking the content of "Atomic Structure and Periodic Table of Elements" as a specific case, the combination of "course ideology and politics" and the teaching process of general chemistry in college is explored. Carrying ideological and political teaching is aimed to merge students' ideological and political concepts, scientific literacy and subject way of thinking, and in-depth excavation by full use of college general chemistry courses in knowledge transfer, ability cultivation and value guidance. On the basis of condensing the ideological and political elements in general chemistry, we explore and practice the effective combination of the teaching content of "atomic structure and periodic table of elements" with ideological and politics of general chemistry under the concept of "course ideology and politics".

Key words: Course ideology and politics, University chemistry, Atomic structure and periodic table of elements

Yang Heqing, Zang Hongying. The Exploration and Practice of Integrating "Course Ideology and Politics" into the Teaching of "Atomic Structure and Periodic Table of Elements"[J].University Chemistry, 2023, 38(8): 55-60.

Figures/Tables 3

References 12

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教学主题	代表人物	科学发现	思政内涵
原子结构模型建立的过程	道尔顿^[6]	原子论、实心球模型	科学世界观：认识的发展变化	科学探究精神
	汤姆逊^[7]	电子的发现、葡萄干布丁模型	科学方法：理论与实验相结合
	卢瑟福^[6]	有核行星模型
	玻尔^[7]	原子轨道模型
	薛定谔等^[7]	电子云模型
量子理论的建立	普朗克^[7]	量子论	继承和发扬前人的研究成果
	爱因斯坦^[7]	光子说、光的波粒二象性	创新精神
	玻尔^[7]	原子轨道理论
量子力学的建立与发展	德布罗意^[7]	微观粒子的波粒二象性
	玻恩^[7]	微观粒子运动的概率性质
	海森堡^[7]	不确定原理
	薛定谔^[7]	实物微粒的波动方程
核外电子排布规则	斯莱特^[8]	屏蔽常数的计算规则
	鲍林、科顿^[8]	原子轨道能级图
	徐光宪^[8]	徐光宪规则	爱国主义教育
	泡利、洪特^[8]	核外电子排布规则	创新精神

教学主题	代表人物	科学发现	思政内涵
元素周期表的建立过程	德贝莱纳^{[6, 7, 9]}	三元素组	科学世界观：认识的变化发展科学方法的综合运用：归纳、总结、演绎、假说等科学态度：顽强的毅力哲学思想：唯物辩证法	科学探究精神
	培顿科弗^[7]	相似元素组
	格拉斯顿^[7]	过渡元素组
	库克^[7]	六系元素
	欧德林^{[7, 9]}	13类元素、元素的周期性
	杜马^[7]	同系元素
	尚古多^{[6, 7, 9]}	螺旋图
	迈尔^{[6, 7, 9]}	六元素表
	迈尔^{[6, 7, 9]}	原子体积周期性图解
	纽兰兹^{[6, 7, 9]}	八音律
	门捷列夫^{[6, 7, 9]}	元素周期表与周期律、预测新元素
元素周期表的证实	布瓦博德朗^{[6, 7]}	“类铝”(镓)的发现	科学规律的指导意义：周期表的预测作用
	尼尔森^{[6, 7]}	“类硼”(钪)的发现
	文克勒^{[6, 7]}	“类硅”(锗)的发现

教学主题		代表人物	科学发现	思政内涵
典型元素与科学家故事		舍勒、普利斯特里、拉瓦锡^{[6, 7]}	氧的研究、从燃素说到氧化说	创新精神、质疑精神	科学探究精神
		舍勒、贝托雷、盖∙吕萨克、泰勒、戴维等^[6]	氯的研究	继承和发扬前人的研究成果
		戴维、盖∙吕萨克、莫瓦桑等^{[6, 7]}	氟的研究	牺牲精神、奉献精神
		居里夫妇^[7]	镭、钋的发现	牺牲精神、奉献精神
		瑞利、拉姆塞^{[6, 7]}	氩的发现	严谨认真的科学态度
发现元素的方法	矿石分析	克拉普罗特^{[6, 7]}	碲、铍、锆、钛、铀的发现	早期发现元素的艰难探索
	矿石分析	克拉普罗特、布瓦博德朗、徐光宪等^[7]	稀土元素的发现与研究	早期发现元素的艰难探索
	光谱分析法	本生、基尔霍夫^{[6, 7]}	光谱分析法的发明	创新精神
			太阳光谱的研究	物质同一性
			铯、铷、铊、铟、镓的发现	理论转化为应用
		严森、梅尔斯、拉姆齐^[6]	“太阳元素”氦的研究	理论转化为应用
	钾还原法	盖∙吕萨克、泰勒^{[6, 7]}	钾还原法的发明	创新精神
		盖∙吕萨克、泰勒^{[6, 7]}	硼、硅的研究	理论转化为应用
		维勒^{[6, 7]}	铝的研究	理论转化为应用
	电解法	戴维^{[6, 7]}	电解法的发明	创新精神
	电解法	戴维^{[6, 7]}	钾、钠、钙、镁的发现	理论转化为应用
元素发现过程中的成功与失败		维勒与塞夫斯特莱姆^[6]	钒的发现	顽强的毅力、质疑精神
元素发现过程中的成功与失败		李比希与巴拉尔^[6]	溴的发现	顽强的毅力、质疑精神

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The Exploration and Practice of Integrating "Course Ideology and Politics" into the Teaching of "Atomic Structure and Periodic Table of Elements"

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