University Chemistry ›› 2026, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (8): 380-388.doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202507049

• Chemistry Laboratory • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Photocatalytic oxidation of alkenes to benzophenones: a green synthesis comprehensive experiment

Fangfang Tan1, Lele Zhang1, Penghua Jing1, Pengju Zhao1, Yang Li2   

  1. 1 School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Weinan Normal University, Weinan 714099, Shaanxi Province, China;
    2 Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
  • Received:2025-07-06 Accepted:2025-10-15 Published:2026-08-25
  • Contact: Fangfang Tan, Yang Li E-mail:15877653513@163.com;liyang79@mail.xjtu.edu.cn

Abstract: This study presents a green photocatalytic integrated experiment designed for undergraduate chemistry education. Employing atmospheric oxygen as the oxidant, an organic acridinium salt as the photocatalyst, and ethyl acetate as the solvent, the aerobic oxidative cleavage of 1,1-diphenylethylene to benzophenone was accomplished at room temperature within one hour, yielding 90% isolated product. The reaction process was monitored by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), with the carbonyl product (benzophenone) confirmed by a chromogenic reaction using 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) solution. The product structure was fully characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, thereby constructing an integrated “synthesis-monitoring-characterization” teaching module. The investigation of photosensitizer and solvent effects facilitates student understanding of photoinduced electron transfer mechanisms. This experiment successfully incorporates advanced green catalytic technology into undergraduate laboratory education, effectively enhancing students' research skills and promoting sustainable chemistry principles.

Key words: Photocatalysis, Oxidation of alkenes, Aldehyde and ketone compounds, Green chemistry, Comprehensive chemistry experiment