从中国近代史中挖掘有机化学爱国主义思政案例

doi:10.3866/PKU.DXHX202303030

Abstract

Abstract:

Modern Chinese History is a vivid textbook of patriotic education. This article uses the synchronicity of the development of the courses of Organic Chemistry and Modern Chinese History, and associates famous historical events with organic chemistry knowledge points, refining ideological and political cases. Taking the lesson "Phenol" as an example, the lesson design combines the excavated ideological and political cases with specific knowledge points, hoping to play a certain reference role for the ideological and political education of the Organic Chemistry course.

Key words: Organic chemistry, Modern Chinese history, Patriotism, Ideological and political cases

Xinghua Liu, Yuan Lin, Jianxin Yang, Kaien Xiao. The Ideological and Political Cases of Patriotism for Organic Chemistry from Modern History of China[J].University Chemistry, 2023, 38(11): 284-289.

Figures/Tables 4

References 24

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主线元素	主要成分	历史事件	知识点
黑火药	硫、碳、硝酸钾	第二次鸦片战争时期，八里桥之战清军大败	黑火药反应原理
黄火药	苦味酸	甲午中日海战，定远舰被苦味酸炸弹击沉	吸电子基团对酚酸性的影响
无烟炸药	硝化甘油	抗日战争时期，晋察冀根据地自制混合炸药	酸催化醇酯化反应
高能炸药	三硝基甲苯	抗日战争后期，中国远征军松山战役	给电子基团定位规则

主线元素	化学组成	历史事件	知识点
止痛药	鸦片，吗啡	第一次鸦片战争，虎门销烟	酚羟基和醇羟基性质差异
抗疟疾药	金鸡纳碱，奎宁	洋务运动时期，梁培基药厂生产“发冷丸”	奎宁的碱性及奎宁硫酸盐
止痛消炎药	阿司匹林，乙酰水杨酸	抗日战争时期，南侨总会捐赠阿司匹林等医药物资救国	水杨苷水解、氧化、乙酰化
兴奋剂	冰毒，甲基苯丙胺	抗日战争时期，日军大量服用“觉醒剂”	伪麻黄碱还原(醇还原)

主线元素	主要成分	历史事件	知识点
天然染料	茜草素，1, 2-二羟基蒽醌	太平天国运动，红头军起义	蒽氧化、磺化和碱熔
合成染料	靛蓝	清朝光绪时期，合成靛蓝倾销中国市场	吲哚酚制备方法及其酮式结构
合成染料中间体	2, 4-二硝基氯苯	北洋政府时期，中国第一家染料厂，大连染料厂	合成方法：苯卤代，卤代苯硝化
天然染料	芦丁，槲皮素芸香糖苷	抗日战争时期，八路军槐米军服染色	糖苷键的水解、芸香糖结构

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The Ideological and Political Cases of Patriotism for Organic Chemistry from Modern History of China

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