University Chemistry ›› 2026, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 222-230.doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202506003

• Survey of Chemistry • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Application of Modern Chemical Instrumental Analysis in Archaeological Research: a Case of the Iceman

Ying Ma1, Gang Liu1, Fen Wang2, Heng Zhang1, Shiling Yuan1   

  1. 1 School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong Province, China;
    2 School of Archaeology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2025-06-03 Accepted:2025-06-25 Published:2026-04-24
  • Contact: Shiling Yuan, Heng Zhang E-mail:shilingyuan@sdu.edu.cn;zhangheng@sdu.edu.cn

Abstract: The paper takes the study of Ötzi the Iceman, currently the world's oldest known natural mummy, as a case study. It provides a detailed introduction to the application of various chemical analysis techniques-including radiocarbon (14C) dating, isotopic analysis, elemental analysis, organic residue analysis, and microscopic analysis-in researching Ötzi's chronological age, birthplace, living areas, and prehistoric technologies. The study demonstrates the significant application value of chemical methodologies in archaeological research.

Key words: Chemistry, Archaeology, Interdisciplinary, Iceman Ötzi