Abstract: In modern society, pharmaceuticals play a crucial role in maintaining human health and improving quality of life. This article traces the origins and development of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, while exploring the synthesis processes of several commonly used drugs. Additionally, it briefly examines the relationship between drug structure and efficacy. Using clear and accessible language, the article aims to show the close relationship between medicine and organic chemistry, highlighting the importance and practical applications of organic chemistry in everyday life.

Key words: History of drug development, Synthetic drugs, Drug structure, Organic chemistry