“鸡尾酒”实验——无机元素化学实验中美育迁移作用的探索

doi:10.3866/PKU.DXHX202106009

Abstract

Abstract:

In the teaching process of inorganic element chemistry laboratory, "the cultivation of ability to find beauty" in the connotation of "aesthetic education" was taken as an integrating point. In pursuit of beautiful experimental results, students had a sense of achievement, and then trained and improved their own basic laboratory skills spontaneously. This was the transfer role of aesthetic education. Students would continue to discover more "beauty" in other experiments after the reaction principle of "cocktail" was explored. Therefore, they could develop the quality of circumspection, patience and perseverance gradually. At the same time, under the background of new National Matriculation Test and new source of students, it would play a positive role and far-reaching influence on freshmen's cognition of major and professional identity due to the improvement of chemistry learning interest.

Key words: Inorganic chemistry laboratory, Elemental chemistry, Cocktail, Aesthetic education

Wei Wang, Baohan Zhou, Dan Sun, Jiaqiang Ren. Cocktail Experiment: Exploring of Aesthetic Education Playing a Transfer Role in Inorganic Elemental Chemistry Laboratory[J].University Chemistry, 2022, 37(2): 2106009.

序号	实验现象	实验原理
序号	实验现象	化学方程式	分析说明
①		NH₃?H₂O → NH₄⁺ + OH^?	NH₄Cl主要是抑制该解离反应，控制OH^?释放
②	蓝色沉淀	Co²⁺ + OH^? + Cl^? → Co(OH)Cl↓	由于沉淀处于溶液下层，较少接触空气，因而较稳定
③	粉红色沉淀	Co(OH)Cl + OH^? → Co(OH)₂↓ + Cl^?Co²⁺ + 2OH^? → Co(OH)₂↓	Co(OH)₂在上层溶液中生成后，接触空气快速转化，十分不稳定，很难观察到
④	暗棕色沉淀	2Co(OH)₂ +$ \frac{1}{2} $O₂ + (x ? 2)H₂O → Co₂O₃?xH₂O↓	Co₂O₃?xH₂O处于溶液上层，较稳定
⑤	暗棕色沉淀逐渐溶解	Co₂O₃?xH₂O + 12NH₃?H₂O → 2[Co(NH₃)₆]³⁺ + (9 + x)H₂O + 6OH^?	上层溶液中不断有新加入的NH₃·H₂O，使得氧化物溶解，所得配合物稳定

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Cocktail Experiment: Exploring of Aesthetic Education Playing a Transfer Role in Inorganic Elemental Chemistry Laboratory

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