关于区分有机分子对称性中文表述的建议

doi:10.3866/PKU.DXHX202003104

Abstract

Abstract:

The terminologies on symmetries are frequently used in organic chemistry. Only very limited discrimination is used in most Chinese organic chemistry textbooks. A same Chinese terminology is indiscriminally used under different scientific situations, which causes misinterpretations for students and scholars. Based on the environment and objects for the use of related English terminologies, this paper suggests three Chinese terminologies, in order to clarify the Chinese descriptions on the symmetries in organic chemistry.

Key words: Organic chemistry, Asymmetric, Dissymmetric, Unsymmetric, Chemical terminology

Zhanhui Yang, Jiaxi Xu. A Suggestion to Clarify the Chinese Descriptions on Organic Molecule Symmetries[J].University Chemistry, 2020, 35(7): 181-184.

Figures/Tables 2

References 36

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英文表述	建议的中文表述	涵义	应用举例
asymmetric	不对称	分子无任何对称因素，例如：对称轴C_n (n ≠ 1)、对称中心i，对称面σ，映轴S_n ^{[30, 36]}。不对称分子为手性分子，反之则未必。亦多用于表述产生光学活性物质的反应或操作	不对称中心、不对称分子，不对称合成、不对称诱导、不对称反应、不对称催化
dissymmetric	唯轴对称	分子无对称面σ，无对称中心i，无映轴S_n，但有对称轴C_n (n ≠ 1) ^[30]。唯轴对称分子为手性分子，反之则未必。类似的化合物有(图1)：(1S, 2S)-1, 2-环己二胺(1)、手性双噁唑啉配体BOX (2)、手性三噁唑啉配体(3)、(R)-2, 2’-二叔丁基联苯(4) ^[30]、(R)-2, 4-二碘代戊-2, 3-二烯(5) ^[30]、双膦配体(S)-BINAP (6)，等等	唯轴对称分子、唯轴对称配体、唯轴对称催化剂
unsymmetric	非对称	一般指具有平面对称性的分子在平面中左右结构不一致的分子。如双键或者叁键两端不一致(非对称烯或炔)，或某原子连有两个不同取代基(非对称醚或酸酐等)。但是，均不涉及手性中心或者手性轴或者手性面等因素	非对称烯烃、非对称底物、非对称试剂、非对称加成
nonsymmetric	非对称	同上	同上

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A Suggestion to Clarify the Chinese Descriptions on Organic Molecule Symmetries

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