大学化学 >> 2026, Vol. 41 >> Issue (3): 77-86.doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202507036

所属专题： 化学实验标准与规范建设

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实验室用水规格及电导率仪使用操作规范建议

李婉1, 邱晓航2, 王秀云3, 石梅4, 曾秀琼5, 任艳平6, 赵发琼7, 胡敏8, 王翊如6, 宋娟娟9, 范永仙10, 刘冬成11, 章文伟12, 李维红13, 范勇14, 张剑荣12, 张树永15   

  1. 1 中国科学技术大学化学与材料科学学院, 化学国家级实验教学示范中心(中国科学技术大学), 合肥 230026;
    2 南开大学化学学院, 化学国家级实验教学示范中心(南开大学), 天津 300071;
    3 大连理工大学化学学院, 化学国家级实验教学示范中心(大连理工大学), 辽宁 大连 116024;
    4 复旦大学化学系, 化学国家级实验教学示范中心(复旦大学), 上海 200433;
    5 浙江大学化学系, 化学国家级实验教学示范中心(浙江大学), 杭州 310058;
    6 厦门大学化学化工学院, 化学国家级实验教学示范中心(厦门大学), 福建 厦门 361005;
    7 武汉大学化学与分子科学学院, 化学国家级实验教学示范中心(武汉大学), 武汉 430072;
    8 西安交通大学化学学院, 西安 710049;
    9 内蒙古民族大学化学与材料学院, 化学国家级实验教学示范中心(内蒙古民族大学), 内蒙古 通辽 028000;
    10 浙江工业大学化学工程学院, 化学化工国家级实验教学示范中心(浙江工业大学), 杭州 310014;
    11 广西师范大学化学与药学学院, 化学国家级实验教学示范中心(广西师范大学), 广西 桂林 541004;
    12 南京大学化学化工学院, 化学国家级实验教学示范中心(南京大学), 南京 210023;
    13 北京大学化学与分子工程学院, 化学国家级实验教学示范中心(北京大学), 北京 100871;
    14 吉林大学化学学院, 化学国家级实验教学示范中心(吉林大学), 长春 130012;
    15 山东大学化学与化工学院, 济南 250100
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-03 录用日期:2025-07-21 发布日期:2026-03-24
  • 通讯作者: 任艳平, 张剑荣, 张树永 E-mail:ypren@xmu.edu.cn;jrzhang@nju.edu.cn;syzhang@sdu.edu.cn Yanping Ren, Jianrong Zhang, Shuyong Zhang
  • 基金资助:
    教育部虚拟教研室建设试点项目；教育部高校教师教学组织和教学发展体系建设研究项目

Specifications of Laboratory Water and Suggestions on the Use of Conductivity Meter

Wan Li1, Xiaohang Qiu2, Xiuyun Wang3, Mei Shi4, Xiuqiong Zeng5, Yanping Ren6, Faqiong Zhao7, Min Hu8, Yiru Wang6, Juanjuan Song9, Yongxian Fan10, Dongcheng Liu11, Wenwei Zhang12, Weihong Li13, Yong Fan14, Jianrong Zhang12, Shuyong Zhang15   

  1. 1 National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education (University of Science and Technology of China), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;
    2 National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education (Nankai University), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China;
    3 National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education (Dalian University of Technology), School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning Province, China;
    4 National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education (Fudan University), Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China;
    5 National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education (Zhejiang University), Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
    6 National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education (Xiamen University), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian Province, China;
    7 National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education (Wuhan University), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;
    8 School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China;
    9 National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education (Inner Mongolia Minzu University), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China;
    10 National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Education (Zhejiang University of Technology), College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China;
    11 National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education (Guangxi Normal University), School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China;
    12 National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education (Nanjing University), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China;
    13 National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education (Peking University), College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
    14 National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education (Jilin University), College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China;
    15 School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
  • Received:2025-07-03 Accepted:2025-07-21 Published:2026-03-24
  • Contact: Yanping Ren, Jianrong Zhang, Shuyong Zhang E-mail:ypren@xmu.edu.cn;jrzhang@nju.edu.cn;syzhang@sdu.edu.cn

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摘要： 实验用水的正确选择与使用是化学实验的基础。针对不同实验的具体目标需求，科学选用合适规格的实验用水，对保证实验数据的准确性和结果的可靠性至关重要。然而，目前实验用水的名目繁多，除自来水外，还有蒸馏水、去离子水、纯水、超纯水等，给使用者带来一定的困扰。为此，本文系统介绍了化学实验用水的常见种类、纯化方法、分级标准，以及水的纯度检测和电导率仪的规范使用。同时结合实际应用，对实验用水的贮存和使用提出了指导建议，旨在为高校化学实验教学和科研实践提供参考，帮助实验人员科学选择并规范使用实验用水，确保实验的顺利进行。

关键词: 化学实验, 实验用水, 纯水制备, 纯水规格, 纯水检验, 电导率仪, 操作规范

Abstract: The proper selection and use of laboratory water are fundamental to chemical experiments. Choosing the appropriate grade of laboratory water based on the specific requirements of different experiments is essential for ensuring the accuracy of data and the reliability of experimental results. However, the current terminology for laboratory water is extensive, encompassing not only tap water but also distilled water, deionized water, purified water, and ultrapure water, which poses certain confusion for users. To address this issue, this article systematically reviews the types, purification methods, and specifications of laboratory water, as well as water purity testing and the operational guidance for conductivity meters. Additionally, it provides detailed suggestions on the storage and usage of laboratory water. The aim of this article is to serve as a reference for laboratory teaching and research in universities, helping laboratory personnel scientifically select and use laboratory water to ensure a smooth experimental process.

Key words: Chemical experiment, Laboratory water, Preparation of pure water, Specifications of pure water, Pure water testing, Conductivity meter, Operation standards