University Chemistry ›› 2025, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 55-65.doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202410039

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Recommendations for Basic Operations and Standards for Organic Chemical Extraction and Washing Experiments

Zhanxiang Liu1, Chengshan Yuan2, Jie Han3, Shuanglian Cai4, Qihan Zhang5, Lin Wu6, Yuan Zheng7, Xingwen Sun8, Qingwen Liu9, Ying Xiong10, Guangao Yu11, Xin Du12, Houjin Li13, Jianrong Zhang6, Shuyong Zhang14   

  1. 1 National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry (Zhejiang University), Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
    2 College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
    3 National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education (Nankai University), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China;
    4 College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China;
    5 National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education (Peking University), College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
    6 National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education (Nanjing University), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China;
    7 National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education (University of Science and Technology of China), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;
    8 National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry (Fudan University), Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China;
    9 College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China;
    10 National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education (Wuhan University), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;
    11 College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China;
    12 School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning Province, China;
    13 School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China;
    14 School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
  • Received:2024-10-10 Revised:2024-10-22 Published:2025-05-21
  • Contact: Zhanxiang Liu, Houjin Li E-mail:liuzhanx@zju.edu.cn;ceslhj@mail.sysu.edu.cn

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Abstract: Extraction, washing, and drying are fundamental components of organic chemistry laboratory. Proficiently mastering and applying extraction and washing techniques to separate and purify organic compounds is an essential experimental skill that chemistry undergraduates must acquire. Due to the lack of unified and clear operating standards, actual teaching and experimental processes may lead to deviations in results, reagent waste, and even safety incidents. This article provides basic operational guidelines and standard recommendations for extraction, washing, and subsequent drying experiments in organic chemistry, aiming to serve as a reference for domestic colleagues engaged in laboratory teaching and scientific research.

Key words: Organic chemistry experiment, Extraction, Washing, Drying, Operational standard