有机化学专论实验教学改革研究与探索

doi:10.3866/PKU.DXHX202207046

Abstract

Abstract:

Practice and innovation are the two key points in talent cultivation. Based on the talent cultivation objectives of Liaocheng University, an applied local university, and the results of the analysis of the current delivery of comprehensive organic chemistry experiments, we explored the progress of teaching reform in our college. We aimed to reform the process in order to stimulate students' participation in chemical science exploration. Moreover, to improve the quality of teaching, we organized innovative experimentation, based on our teachers' scientific research direction, to convert research achievements into practical teaching. These experiments could help to inspire students to explore science more dynamically and strengthen their scientific research thinking ability.

Key words: Comprehensive experiment, Convert research achievements into practical teaching, Innovative thinking, Application oriented university

Wenzeng Duan, Yingxu Zhao, Shuwen Gong, Xianqiang Huang, Wanzhen Huang, Bingchuan Yang. Research and Practice on the Teaching Reform of Comprehensive Organic Chemistry Experiment[J].University Chemistry, 2023, 38(5): 21-25.

Figures/Tables 3

序号	实验项目	实验改进情况
1	三苯甲醇的合成和测试	1) 为了无水无氧操作，实验仪器升级为双排管真空气体分配器，双级旋片式真空泵和高纯氮气 2) 镁条需剪至小于1 mm × 1 mm，后处理过程直接用乙醇: 水= 6 : 1 (体积比)混合溶剂重结晶
2	安息香的合成和测试	1) 仪器升级为自行设计的油泵减压蒸馏车装置(图 1) 2) 反应过程中对pH和催化剂用量进行了优化，当pH为10，催化剂量为7%时为最佳反应条件。同时，在苯甲醛加入后，反应的前半个小时需实时调节pH，保证溶液处于弱碱性条件
3	巴比妥酸的合成与测试	1) 无水乙醇的制备仪器升级为无水溶剂干燥装置 2) 选取的最佳反应条件为：反应物丙二酸二乙酯与尿素配料比为1 : 1.6 (质量比)，反应时间为2 h，反应温度为90 ℃
4	7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素的合成及其荧光光谱测定	1) 荧光测试仪器升级为日立/F-7100荧光光谱仪 2) 对反应物间苯二酚与乙酰乙酸乙酯配料比、反应时间、反应温度进行了优化，当间苯二酚与乙酰乙酸乙酯配料比为1 : 1 (质量比)，反应时间为2.5 h，反应温度为85 ℃时为最佳反应条件
5	水杨醛缩苯胺席夫碱的合成及其紫外性质的测试	1) 紫外仪器升级为普析通用T9CS紫外-可见分光光度计 2) 对反应物水杨醛与苯胺配料比、反应时间、反应温度进行了优化，当水杨醛与苯胺配料比为1 : 1 (质量比)，反应时间为2 h，反应温度为70 ℃时为最佳反应条件
6	电催化氧化苯甲醇合成苯甲醛	1) 仪器为IKA Electrasyn pro有机电化学合成反应器 2) 步骤为：苄醇(0.5 mmol)和四丁基四氟硼酸铵TBAF (0.05 mmol)在乙腈(7 mL)中的溶液置于反应管中，加入一粒磁子搅拌并放置于电催化反应器中，设置恒电压5 V反应，反应8 h。反应完毕后，所得混合物在真空中直接浓缩。通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化残余物，产率50%左右
7	气体氛围下可见光催化合成2-取代喹唑啉化合物	1) 仪器为PL-LED100有机光化学合成反应器 2) 步骤为：2-氨基苄胺(0.5 mmol)、苯甲醛(0.5 mmol)和碘化镁(5%) (摩尔分数)在乙酸乙酯(7 mL)中的溶液置于装有氧气气球的反应试管中，搅拌并置于光催化平行反应器中，薄层色谱跟踪反应进程。大约反应8 h，反应完毕，所得混合物在真空中直接浓缩。通过中压纯化制备色谱纯化残余物，产率50%左右

序号	实验项目	实验方法和内容	项目学时	每组人数	教学要求
1	三苯甲醇的合成和测试	1) Grignard试剂的制备和应用 2) 集热式磁力搅拌器的安装和使用方法 3) 无水无氧操作的安装和使用方法	8	2	必选实验
2	安息香的合成和测试	1) 减压蒸馏苯甲醛装置的安装和操作 2) 辅酶VB₁催化合成安息香的操作 3) 产物重结晶提纯和熔点测定的技术	8	2	必选实验
3	巴比妥酸的合成与测试	1) 巴比妥酸类药物的制备及无水反应的操作 2) 电动搅拌机的安装和使用方法 3) 粘稠化合物的反应后处理操作	8	2	必选实验
4	7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素的合成及其荧光光谱测定	1) Phechmann法制备香豆素的原理和操作 2) 荧光光谱的测定	6	2	自选实验
5	水杨醛缩苯胺席夫碱的合成及其紫外性质的测试	1) 缩合法制备席夫碱的原理和操作 2) 紫外光谱的测定	6	2	自选实验
6	电催化氧化苯甲醇合成苯甲醛	1) 电催化有机合成反应器操作 2) 苯甲醛电催化氧化反应的操作 3) 紫外、红外光谱等确定有机化合物结构的技术	12	2	自选实验
7	气体氛围下可见光催化合成2-取代喹唑啉化合物	1) 光催化在在有机合成中的应用 2) 气体氛围下光催化平行反应器的操作 3) 2-取代喹唑啉化合物的核磁、紫外光谱，气质等波谱表征	12	2	自选实验

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Research and Practice on the Teaching Reform of Comprehensive Organic Chemistry Experiment

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