普通化学教学中的建构主义与解构主义思想——以胶体溶液的教学为例

doi:10.3866/PKU.DXHX202308035

Abstract

Abstract:

The analysis explores the connotations of constructivism and deconstructivism as well as the differences from traditional structuralist educational concepts, emphasizing their complementarity and promoting role in educational practice. Taking the teaching of colloidal solutions as an example, it discusses how to design specific teaching cases using constructivist and deconstructivist ideas. Teaching practice has shown that instructional methods guided by constructivist and deconstructivist thinking can enhance students' understanding and application of knowledge while fostering their innovative thinking and sense of social responsibility.

Key words: Constructivism, Deconstructionism, Colloidal solution, Instructional design

Cheng Rong, Jiang Jiang, Xinyu Zheng. Constructivism and Deconstructivism in General Chemistry Teaching: Taking the Teaching of Colloidal Solutions as an Example[J].University Chemistry, 2024, 39(2): 292-297.

Figures/Tables 1

References 15

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教学环节	教学手段	教师任务	学生任务	达成目标	教学思想	教学时长 (min)
引入	PPT图片展示	展示胶体图片，提出引发思考的问题	关注图片，思考问题，产生兴趣	激发学生对胶体知识的兴趣和思考	建构主义	5
探究	实验视频	设计探究性问题，引导学生讨论观察	观察实验现象，讨论问题，形成理解	让学生对胶体形成的条件因素及特征有更深入的理解	建构主义+解构主义	15
发现	多媒体播放	提出问题，让学生讨论回答，介绍溶胶结构和性质	描述实验现象，回答问题，加深对溶胶结构和性质的理解	掌握溶胶的光学、动力学、电学性质及聚沉规律	建构主义+解构主义	10
应用	情境提问	提供胶体相关问题或情境，引导学生进行分析和解释	运用所学知识分析和解释问题，进行合作探讨或创造性表达	深化对胶体溶液的理解和应用	建构主义+解构主义	10
横向拓展	PPT图片展示、提问	将胶体知识与学生专业联系，引导学生探讨胶体在专业领域的应用	查找胶体在专业领域的应用案例，撰写调查报告	拓展学生对溶胶的知识视野	解构主义	10
纵向拓展	多媒体展示	引导学生从多角度分析溶胶纳米颗粒的广泛应用，提出创新性解决方案	分析溶胶纳米颗粒的制备，加深对其物理化学性质的理解	将胶体知识与社会科学知识相结合，引导学生思考科学技术的重要价值	解构主义	15
总结评价	讨论、测试	组织学生进行知识点回顾，设计测试题目，评价学生表现	回顾知识点，完成测试，进行自评、互评	巩固所学内容、评价学习效果	建构主义+解构主义	10

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Constructivism and Deconstructivism in General Chemistry Teaching: Taking the Teaching of Colloidal Solutions as an Example

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