物理化学MOOC课程思政探索与实践

doi:10.3866/PKU.DXHX202010076

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to achieve the goal of all-round education, the ideological and political elements contained in physical chemistry courses were actively excavated and integrated into the teaching of MOOC. The ideological and political aspects of physical chemistry MOOC were explored and practiced. The ideological instances of "the physical chemistry and philosophical thinking", "approaching the chemist", "enjoying classical Chinese poems and learning physical chemistry" and "environmental protection" were chosen as the main topics. The new three-stage teaching mode of physical chemistry MOOC, "guiding-studying-thinking" was practiced so as to improve the teaching quality and students' ideology and morality.

Key words: Physical chemistry, MOOC, Course ideology and politics, Three-stage teaching mode

Jin Zhang, Li Liu, Sitong Yao. Exploration and Practice of Course Ideology and Politics Education in Physical Chemistry MOOC[J].University Chemistry, 2021, 36(3): 2010076.

Figures/Tables 3

哲学思维	关联的专业知识
“一切平衡都只是相对的和暂时的^[4]。”	各种因素对化学平衡的影响。
“运动，就它被理解为物质的存在方式、物质的固有属性这一最一般的意义来说，涵盖宇宙中发生的一切变化和过程，从单纯的位置变动直到思维^[4]。” 物质的根本属性是运动。物质世界的运动是绝对的，而物质在运动过程中又有某种相对的静止^[5]。	热力学平衡态是一种动态平衡。
“量转化为质和质转化为量的规律^[4]。” “在自然界中，质的变化——在每一个别场合都是按照各自的严格确定的方式进行的——只有通过物质或运动(所谓能)的量的增加或减少才能发生^[4]。”	大理石主要成分为CaCO₃，常温下是稳定的，温度为298 K时，反应CaCO₃(s) = CaO(s) + CO₂(g)不能自发进行，当温度升高到1200 K时，反应自发进行，说明温度量变达到一定程度，反应方向发生了质的变化^[5]。
主要矛盾和次要矛盾二者相互依存，两者在一定的条件下互相转化^[5]。	比如反应条件的选择。影响化学平衡的因素有温度、压力和惰性气体，在实际问题中要弄清楚哪个因素起决定性作用^[5]。
“个别性、特殊性、普遍性，这就是贯穿全部《概念论》的三个规定^[4]。” 客观世界总是彼此相互联系、相互制约、相互渗透的，特殊性寓于共性之中^[6]。	热功交换的问题，最初局限于讨论热机的效率，热力学第二定律正是抓着了事物的共性，根据热功交换的规律，提出具有普遍意义的熵函数^[6]。可逆过程和不可逆过程^[5]。
毛泽东说：“实践、认识、再实践、再认识，这种形式，循环往复以至无穷，而实践和认识之每一循环的内容，都比较地进到了高一级的程度。这就是辩证唯物论的全部认识论，这就是辩证唯物论的知行统一观^[7]。”	物理化学发展的过程，就是在物理化学领域通过科学实践不断发现真理，又通过科学实践不断证实真理和发展真理的辩证过程。比如动力学理论的提出、建立与发展^[8]。
“归纳和演绎^[4]。” “归纳和演绎，正如综合和分析一样，必然是相互关联的^[4]。”	热力学三大定律都是在归纳和总结人类经验和科学实验的基础上得出来的；而焓这个状态函数是以热力学第一定律为基础通过演绎而得来，同样，亥姆霍兹函数和吉布斯函数这两个状态函数是通过联合应用热力学第一和第二定律演绎出来的^[9]。
真理是绝对真理和相对真理的辩证统一。	物理化学中的原理和定律都是有其适用条件的^[9]。

References 12

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Exploration and Practice of Course Ideology and Politics Education in Physical Chemistry MOOC

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