Based on the situation of China University of Petroleum (East China) and the students' training characteristics, we have explored the reasonable teaching design on the basis of combining the theory and features of physical chemistry course with the practices, to facilitate chemical knowledge acquisition in non-chemical engineering majors. Teaching reforms such as using a variety of teaching methods and evaluation modes were employed in oil & gas storage and transportation engineering major, which has received significant teaching results.
Modern analytical chemistry is the important professional course for graduate students of analytical chemistry and the related majors. It is the continuation and promotion of knowledge of analytical chemistry course and the key course to improve the scientific research ability of students. The course includes modern separation science, modern electroanalytical chemistry, modern photoanalytical chemistry and advanced analytical chemistry. It is an important guarantee for improving teaching quality to carry out teaching reform of modern analytical chemistry. In the paper, starting from the construction of teaching team, the modern analytical chemistry course group including four courses was set up for the first time. The course contents are reorganized. The teaching methods are optimized and coordinated. The courses are constructed collectively, including reforming the teaching mode and teaching method, editing textbook appropriately and setting up website with a variety of teaching materials. Therefore, the teaching quality can be guaranteed and the disciplinary fundamentals for research work of students can be strengthened.
In this paper, the teaching design of "Polymeric Characterization Analysis" course of Qianjiang College, Hangzhou Normal University was introduced. According to the problems existing in the learning process of independent college students, three measures were adopted. The change of teaching rhythm was proposed, and the sense of accomplishment was improved through case analysis method. Furthermore, the transformation of key points would enhance the cultivation of students' practical ability. These steps would effectively improve students' interestingness in learning and thus optimize teaching efficiency.
The "three-dimensional and three-level fully open" laboratory teaching mode, namely a fully open mode including three-dimensionson time, space and content as well asthree-levels from basic laboratory, professional laboratory to scientific research laboratory, aims to motivate undergraduate students to fully participate in scientific research from time and "space", and to take the fully open mode including contents and instruments based on the individual needs and development of students. Through the exploration and practice for many years, it is found that the laboratory teaching mode is conducive to bring the principle part-students-into full play and to cultivate the students' scientific research and innovative ability, and furthermore to enrich the connotation of "Project of Undergraduate Teaching Quality". Thus, it can provide qualified talents with innovative spirit and ability, together with competitive strength for the construction of an innovation-oriented country in the future.
Based on the conception of "experiment goal-directed" and "result-oriented", we take the experiment of "Measurement of Combustion Heat" as an example to introduce how to teach the physical chemistry laboratory course. By this means, we are aiming to deeply integrate experimental theory lectures with whole experimentation processes, to promote students' coordinated development of knowledge, ability, thinking and quality, and ultimately to cultivate the top and innovative talents.
Based on the teaching practice of chemistry courses in university and guided by the training specifications of talents, this paper carried out the ideology of moral education in the course and designed the moral education contents. Specifically, there were five aspects, including the patriotism sentiment, the collaborative spirit, the social responsibility, the innovation and entrepreneurship, the logical thinking and dialectical thinking. Moreover, this paper also putted forward the implementation strategy with combination of the teaching and the self-education.
N-Heterocyclic carbene (NHC) plays an important role in catalytic processes, as the catalyst it has shown high activities in organic reactions. Synthesis of chiral triazole carbene, the structure and the application of NHCs in asymmetric catalytic benzoin reactions are described. The aims are to broad students' vision and make students feel the charm of organic chemistry through extension of undergraduate curriculum content. Meanwhile, their ability of finding, analyzing and solving problems on the basis of generalizing and thinking about the knowledge will be improved.
This paper focuses on the detailed construction of the National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education of Xiamen University. It contains the accurate design and construction of engineering systems, supply and exhaust air, water, electricity, etc., and furniture. Therefore, this paper provides practical experience for the detailed design and construction of chemistry teaching laboratories in colleges and universities.
Due to the facts that textbook-obedience and termwise experimenting dominate in the general chemistry laboratory classrooms, we have designed and carried out the problem-oriented teaching in order to improve the motivation of learning among the students, where the student-centered exploratory studying and practicing mode is highly desired. Problem-oriented teaching does not lead to exclusive resolutions to specific problems or experiments. Instead, it is supposed to induce multiple choices among student groups to complete experiments or resolve problems, where in-group/between-group discussions and practices would greatly activate the experimenting processes. Therefore, the sense of personal acquisition and self-progression during learning in laboratory classrooms can be easily achieved, while the good laboratory teaching will be realized as well. In this paper, we set up a problem-oriented teaching in optimizing the titration condition during measuring the copper content of K2[Cu(C2O4)2] using PAN (1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol) as the indicator. Grouping practices and experiments finally produced complementary results, as well as the satisfactory teaching and learning impacts.
In the static method of saturated vapor pressure measurements, the key operation is to adjust the pressure of the system. Because of the invisibility of the gas, it is difficult to control the air flow, which often results in air pouring into the system due to excessive air flow in the constant pressure adjustment process. By designing a mini gas flow control device, the control operation is visualized; thus, problems associated with controlling the air flow can be avoided. Furthermore, frequent adjustment of the air flow becomes unnecessary, greatly reducing the lab hour.
The crystals of copper sulfate pentahydrate prepared from laboratories have different shapes and crystallographic planes. Based on the theory of crystal growth and the symmetry theory, this manuscript makes a rough explanation. According to crystallographic data, the microstructures of the currently known copper sulfate pentahydrate, trihydrate, and monohydrate are discussed. A new dehydration process and the microstructure of copper sulfate dihydrate are also proposed.
Experimental improvements on determining the specific surface area of solid samples have been made by preparing adsorbent materials (MCM-41), measuring N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm and Origin software calculating the specific surface area through BET equation. These improvements enhance the students' understanding about the material synthesis, structure-property relationship, instrument operation and software data processing.
A new comprehensive chemical experiment for college students is introduced. This experiment is from the achievements of scientific research. It includes obtaining absorption spectrum and calibration curve of Rutin, and ultrasonic-assisted ethanol extraction and spectrophotometric determination of flavonoids from Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) Vent. Leaves. The experiment involves several basic analytical chemistry procedures and the effective components in plant sample are analyzed. Through the experiment, the students' experimental skills, comprehensive and innovative abilities are improved; furthermore, the specialty requirements are satisfied in agriculture or forestry universities. Thus, it is recommended to be included in the comprehensive analytical chemistry laboratory for students of non-chemistry majors.
In this paper, the recovery of iodine effluent in chemical reaction rate and equilibrium experiment was studied. From the analysis, it could be found that the presence of iodine in the wastewater was relatively simple after three months and there was no I-. A sublimation method could be chosen directly to recycle the iodine after the pretreatment of the wastewater. The recycling method had simple steps and was easy to operate. It involved less equipment, is low cost, and more environmental friendly. The recovery rate of the obtained iodine element was 96.1% and the purity reached 98.9%. It can be used as a teaching experiment or interest experiment to promote applications.
The two distribution fraction curves of a weak acid and its conjugated base are integrated to the pH-δA, δHA coordinate system. The two curves coincide with each other to form a conjugate distribution fraction curve, which is also an acid-base equilibrium curve. The titration process is discussed with images to understand how a specific equilibrium curve to a titration.
Hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) is an important content in the university course of instrumental analysis and organic structure analysis. The splitting law of spin coupling between hydrogen nuclei is the focus of teaching and learning. Most textbooks explain that the cause of spin coupling splitting is due to the local magnetic field produced by the different spin orientation of other adjacent nuclei (nuclei magnetic dipole-dipole interaction, direct nuclear spin coupling), and a few monograph on Nuclear Magnetic Resonance refers to electron spin polarization mediated nuclear spin coupling (indirect nuclear spin coupling). Here we introduce quantum mechanics for explanation of the splitting law of spin coupling between hydrogen nuclei.
Analogy teaching of calculation of packing absorption column and plate tower of distillation was studied in this paper. Firstly, a detailed analogy of the above calculation problems was studied according to the frame of calculation type, calculation basis, quantitative calculation and qualitative analysis. Secondly, the qualitative analysis of the above calculations was used as examples to illustrate the analysis methodology. Students could master very well the sameness and difference of the calculation of absorption and distillation through analogy teaching.
There are two different views on the definition of reaction molecularity in physical chemistry textbooks and related literatures so far. We give a deep discussion about this conception herein. Starting with the development of chemical kinetics and the definition of elementary reaction and state-state reaction, we clarify that elementary reaction and state-state reaction are the conceptions belonging to macro-and micro-systems, respectively, and reaction molecularity is also belonging to micro-conception. Based on this conclusion, we think that the more reasonable definition of reaction molecularity should be "the number of chemical particles that take part in a state-state reaction (or an elementary chemi-physical reaction) as a reactant".
Due to the fact that the molecular structure has been removed from most of the analytical chemistry textbook of recent editions, this paper collected more than 90 organic reagents from three classic text books, categorized these molecules according to the application, and analyzed the molecular structure and the mechanism of functions in applications.
This article describes the concept of stereoelectronic effects in fundamental organic chemistry and summarizes such specific phenomenon through formation of covalent bonds, resonance structures, rearrangement of carbocations, formation of enolate anions, bimolecular nucleophilic substitution of haloalkanes, elimination of halocyclohexanes, and electrophilic addition of cyclohexenes.